11月29日学校是一个教育机构,建于2010年,位于哥伦比亚图尔沃市的新科洛尼亚区。这是一个贫困率很高,公共服务、道路、住房等各个层面都存在缺陷的城镇中为数不多的公共基础设施之一。

Colegio 29 de Noviembre is an educational institution built in 2010 in the district of Nueva Colonia, in Turbo, Colombia. One of the few public infrastructures in a town with high rates of poverty and deficiencies at all levels in public services, roads, housing, etc.

不幸的是,在建造的时候,这个地方的条件被忽略了,这个地区的平均温度为29℃,湿度超过80%,而且降雨量很大。于是,学校建筑在实施过程中缺乏逻辑性,产生了一些问题,如教室太热、太暗,因为它们是与外界封闭的空间,拒绝交叉通风的可能性;或者没有屋檐的屋顶,除了产生漏水和因屋顶上有阁楼墙而导致的水灾外,也没有保护墙壁免受该地区强烈阳光的照射,使内部空间更加升温。

Unfortunately, at the time of its construction, the conditions of the place were ignored, a zone with an average temperature of 29°C, with a humidity of more than 80% and heavy rainfall. The school building then lacked logic in its implementation, which generated problems such as classrooms that were too hot and dark, since they were spaces that were closed to the outside, denying the possibility of cross ventilation; or roofs without eaves that, in addition to generating leaks and flooding due to water retention on the roof with an attic wall, did not protect the walls from the strong sun in the area, which heated up the interior spaces even more.

此外,同样重要的是,没有利用机会不仅建造教室,而且还为整个社区提供使用空间的建筑。例如,中央庭院是一个沼泽地,不允许玩耍和活动,其中生活着蛇和水牛等动物,使学生处于危险之中。

In addition, and just as importantly, the opportunity to build not only classrooms but also spaces that would provide the building with uses for the entire community, was not utilized. For example, the central courtyard was a marshy area that didn’t allow play and activities and in which animals such as snakes and buffaloes lived, putting the students in danger.

2018年,我们与Fundafrut基金会合作,提出了对现有建筑进行干预的建议,除了扩大现有设施外,还改善了孩子们的学习条件。为了做到这一点,我们从三个前提出发。

In 2018, in collaboration with the Fundafrut Foundation, we advanced the proposal to intervene in the existing building, improving the conditions in which the children studied, in addition to expanding the existing facilities. To do this, we started from three premises:

使现有建筑适应该地区的气候条件:为此,现有的屋顶已被扩展,产生了超过三米的屋檐,为外墙和走廊提供了阴凉。外墙已被打开,用可渗透的围墙来产生交叉通风和自然照明的空间,中央庭院已被铲平,以引导水,从而创造出一个运动场和一个儿童游戏区的空间。

Adapting the existing building to the climatic conditions of the area: for this, the existing roof has been extended, generating eaves of more than three meters that give shade to the facades and corridors. The facades have been opened with permeable enclosures to generate cross ventilation and to naturally illuminate the spaces, and the central courtyard has been levelled to channel the waters, thus creating space to locate a sports field and an area for children’s games.

将建筑的规模与儿童的规模相协调。现有的高窗被扩大,使孩子们能够适当地看到外面,从而从一个封闭的空间变成一个促进透明度的空间,使孩子们能够理解自己是教育社区的一部分。长椅和壁龛也被生成,以创造休闲和社交的空间。

Reconciling the scale of the building with the scale of the children: The existing high windows are enlarged, allowing the children to properly see outside, thus going from a closed space to one that promotes transparency and allows the children to understand themselves as part of an educational community. Benches and niches are also generated to create spaces for leisure and socializing.

产生了一系列新的空间,有更多的公共和多样化的项目,向社区开放使用。我们意识到,在这样一个国家干预很少或不存在的地方,项目必须有更大的社会责任,这就是为什么我们设计了一个基础设施,除了一开始就计划好的功能外,还利用其空间来实现其他功能。干预措施为学校提供了新的通道空间、足够的浴室、厨房、餐厅和车间,以及与该地区密切相关的新环境,以便它们不仅可以被学生使用,也可以被社区的其他成员使用。这些新的空间围绕着一个通道广场,作为借口为Nueva Colonia提供第一个任何形式的公共空间。

Generating a series of new spaces with a more public and diverse program, open to the use of the community. We are aware that in a place like this, where state intervention is scarce or non-existent, the project must have a greater social responsibility, which is why we designed an infrastructure that uses its spaces to fulfil other functions in addition to those planned from the beginning. The intervention provided the school with new access spaces, adequate bathrooms, kitchen, dining room and workshops, and new environments that were thought of in a close relationship with the area so that they can be used not only by the students but by the rest of the community as well. These new spaces surround an access square that is used as an excuse to provide the first public space of any kind to Nueva Colonia.

该项目不仅能够解决老建筑的构造和轮廓问题,而且还促使学生更密集地使用11月29日学校的设施,这反过来又设法在该地区产生新的动力,为那些想在学校呆更长时间的孩子提供额外的课外时间课程,这又迫使为家长和校外人士安排课外活动,他们带着好奇心参观学校,看看孩子们为什么不想离开学校。

The project was able to resolve not only the constructive and outlining problems of the old building but also motivated the students to use the facilities of Colegio 29 de Noviembre more intensively, which in turn managed to generate new dynamics in the area, with additional courses for extracurricular hours for children who wanted to stay at school for longer, which in turn forced extracurricular activities to be scheduled for parents and people outside the school, who with curiosity visited the school to see why the children didn’t want to leave it.

Architects: Taller Sintesis
Area : 4093 m²
Year : 2020
Photographs :Isaac Ramírez, Anderson Serna, Daniel Bernal
Manufacturers : Argos, Calypso proyectos, Casa Medina, Cubiertec, Estaco, Pisos Alfa, PrefaUraba
Lead Architects : Farhid Maya Ramírez, David Cuartas Restrepo
Design Team : Arquitectos Anderson Serna, Alejandra Montoya, Mauricio Carvajal, Federico Fois
Clients : BANAFRUT
Engineering : Simétrica
Construction : Soluciones Constructivas SA
Electrical Design : PC Mejía
Hydro Sanitary Design : Hidro F Salinas SAS
Management : Londoño Gómez
Supervision : Umbral
City : Nueva Colonia
Country : Colombia