Alto Anapati学前教育项目位于秘鲁中部丛林中的Nomatsigenga土著社区。这所学校成立于2008年,条件不稳定,有被洪水淹没的危险。2021年,由于当地政府的资金和国际合作,该项目成为现实,为50多个儿童提供了受教育的机会,并为86个家庭提供了社区空间。

The Alto Anapati preschool project is located in a Nomatsigenga native community in the central jungle of Peru. The school, founded in 2008, was in precarious conditions and at risk of flooding. In 2021, thanks to funds from the local government and international cooperation, the project became a reality, generating access to education for more than 50 children and providing a community space for 86 families.

过程和设计。建筑方案是通过人种学方法和参与式研讨会产生的。在第一阶段,开发了 “观察调查 “以了解这个社区的教学动态。这导致了户外学习空间和当地习俗作为空间居住方式的一部分的重要性。在第二阶段,与家长们举行了工作会议,对原住民的美好生活进行反思,从而考虑到学校是社区的心脏,是保护Nomatsigenga知识和领土的灵魂。这些研讨会有助于与社区一起建立学校的作用和象征性价值。

Process and design. The architectural proposal was generated through an ethnographic approach and participatory workshops. In the first stage, “observation surveys” were developed to learn about the teaching dynamics in this community. This resulted in the importance of outdoor learning spaces and local customs as part of how the space is inhabited. In a second stage, worktables were held with parents to reflect on the good living of the native peoples, leading to the consideration that the school is the heart of the community, the soul of preservation of the Nomatsigenga knowledge and territory. These workshops helped build, with the community, the role and symbolic value of the school.

设计方案试图使这些学习成果在空间上得到体现。该建筑位于通往社区的区域,分为两个区块。西南侧的建筑包括多功能厅、行政区域、厨房和厕所。多功能厅是一个没有墙壁的教室,直接连接到 “森林教室”–一个被设计为户外教室的空间。东边是教室区,通过大的滑动隔板,它与作为学习空间一部分的室外区域相通。所有的围墙都被设计成溶解的边界,将内部和外部连接起来。学校并不局限于观察景观,而是成为景观的一部分。

The design proposal sought to make these learnings visible in their spatiality. The building is located in the access area to the community and is organized in two blocks. On the southwest side is located the block containing the multipurpose room, the administrative area, the kitchen, and the toilets. The multipurpose room, a classroom without walls, is directly connected to the “Aula bosque” (forest classroom) – a space designed as an outdoor classroom. On the east side is the block of classrooms, which through large sliding partitions, opens to outdoor areas that are part of the learning space. All the enclosures are designed as dissolving boundaries that connect the interior with the exterior. The school does not limit itself to observing the landscape but becomes part of it.

该项目中使用的大部分材料都来自当地,包括木材、粘土砖、河石–保持当地生产和手工艺的活力。该建筑通过一个对环境影响较小的建筑插入到环境中,并符合社区的可持续性和维护可能性。

Most of the materials used in the project are locally sourced, including wood, clay bricks, river stones – keeping local production and craftsmanship active. The building is inserted in the context through an architecture of low environmental impact and in compliance with the sustainability and maintenance possibilities of the community.

反思。最后,这个项目的主要反思之一是关于公共基础设施在丛林中的农村社区所扮演的角色。学校必须被理解为一个空间,不仅是它的物理结构,而且是它对归属、身份和争取其他生活方式的权利的象征性建设。

Reflections. Finally, one of the main reflections from this project was about the role that a public infrastructure plays in a rural community in the jungle. The school must be understood as a space not only in its physical construction but also in its symbolic construction of belonging, identity, and struggle for the right to other ways of living.

Architects: Semillas
Area: 397 m²
Year: 2021
Photographs: Eleazar Cuadros, Diego
Manufacturers: AutoDesk, IKO, Aceros Arequipa, Cemento INKA, Glaze, NEMATSA
Architecture And Management:Asociación Semillas para el Desarrollo Sostenible
Architects:Marta Maccaglia, Giulia Perri
Inter Institutional Coordination:Miriam Danne
Participatory Workshops:Samanta Sinistri
Community Management:David Shoente Chumpate, Pascual Chumpate Mahuanca, Walter Chanqueti Chimanca
Secretariat And Logistics:Lidelma Laureano Quinto
Construction And Logistics:Carmen Gutiérrez
Engineering:Vital Ingenieros, Carlos Barreda Guzmán
Construction:Javier Garcia Paucar, Elias Martinez Ramos, Alejandro Vera Palian, Lidio Andres Martinez Apolinario
Cooperation:CPS – Comunitá Promozione Sviluppo, Comunidad Nativa Alto Anapati, Asociación padres de familia APAFA, Municipalidad Distrital de Pangoa, Municipalidad Provincial de Satipo, Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar Qaliwarma, Unión Ashaninka Nomatsiguenga del Valle de Pangoa – KANUJA, Organización Internacional del Bambú y el Ratán – INBAR
Financing:Fly and Help, Municipalidad distrital de Pangoa
City:Alto Anapati
Country:Peru