纪念春川市民的Bomnae剧院 – “Bomnae “是春川的一个古语。Bomnae剧院是一个表演场所,长期以来在春川发挥着象征性的作用。这座建筑建于1970年,是春川中央卫理公会教堂(现在的春川卫理公会),是春川最古老的教堂。2000年,春川市购买了该教堂建筑及其附属建筑,并将其更名为春川艺术广场。从那时起,它被用作市民经常参加各种演出的文化空间,但由于安全问题和设施使用的困难,改进是不可避免的,因为它在2017年的安全检查中被评为D级。为了保护建筑的历史价值,当地政府选择了改造而不是开发新的结构。做出这个决定是为了通过结构加固提高安全等级,并保留象征性的墙壁装饰。芳草地剧院的改造重点是恢复历史价值和地方感,作为春川市民记忆中的现代城市历史和文化遗产。

Bomnae Theater in Memory of Chuncheon Citizens – ‘Bomnae’ is an archaic word for Chuncheon. Bomnae Theater was a performance arena that long played a symbolic role in Chuncheon. This building was built in 1970 as Chuncheon Central Methodist Church (now Chuncheon Methodist Church), the oldest church in Chuncheon. When the church building and its annexes were purchased by Chuncheon City in 2000, it was renamed Chuncheon Art Plaza. Since then, it has been used as a cultural space frequented by citizens for various performances, but the improvement was inevitable due to safety issues and difficulty in facility use, as it was rated as a class D in safety inspection in 2017. For the conservation of the historical value of the building, the local government chose to remodel rather than develop a new structure. The decision was taken to raise the safety rating through structural strengthening and to preserve the symbolic wall decoration. Bomnae Theater was to be renovated by placing an emphasis on the restoration of historical value and sense of place as a modern urban historical and cultural heritage in the memory of Chuncheon citizens.

与周围环境的联系和户外空间的改善–该场地位于春川市中心区,在Bongeusan山的南部,有蜿蜒的Soyanggang河。春川艺术广场附近有许多具有历史和文化价值的地方,它被夹在江原道厅和春川市政府之间,春川的商业中心中央路和明洞也离场地很近。春川美术馆、春川创作室和蓬莱剧院这三座主要建筑都是在20世纪70年代前后建成的。与春川美术馆和春川创意工作室以及附近的名胜古迹建立了密切的关系,我们探索了在空间和项目方面充分使用芳草地剧院的方法,而不仅仅是适应其周围环境。此外,我们了解到,只有通过改善现场的室外空间和改善交通,最大限度地提高场地的可及性和面向公众的一面,以支持其作为文化表演设施的作用,才能增强场地的潜力。

Connections to Surrounding Contexts and the Improvement of Outdoor Space – The site is located in the downtown district of Chuncheon, to the south of Bongeusan Mountain with the winding Soyanggang River. There are many places of historical and cultural value near Chuncheon Art Plaza, which is sandwiched between Gangwon Provincial Office and Chuncheon City Hall, and Jungang-ro and Myeong-dong, Chuncheon’s commercial centers, are also very close to the site. The three main buildings, Chuncheon Art Gallery, Chuncheon Creative Studio, and Bomnae Theater were all built around the 1970s. Establishing a close relationship with Chuncheon Art Gallery and Chuncheon Creative Studio as well as nearby sites of interest, we explored ways of using the Bomnae Theater fully in terms of its spaces and programs rather than just accommodating its surroundings. In addition, it was understood that the potential of the site would only be enhanced by maximizing accessibility and a public-facing aspect by improving the outdoor spaces on site and improving circulation so as to support its role as a cultural performance facility.

合理的结构加固和外部改造 – 为了将Bomnae剧院的结构安全等级从D级提高到B级,我们对现有结构进行了板块加固,用钢板加固RC梁,以及钢架加固。这使我们能够通过减少旧承重墙和混凝土柱的结构不稳定性来更自由地改变内部结构。特别是,屋顶需要为舞台安装索具梁,并通过增加猫道、舞台音响系统和照明设备来加固支撑结构。一个突出于现有建筑各个方向的屋檐被拆除,其高度被增加,形成一个平顶,以确保入口和剧院部分的额外高度,我们还改变了下部体量的大小,以改善其与一个顶楼的关系,该顶楼对于建筑来说太大,并与周围环境相协调。白色灰泥被用作一般的外部装饰材料,以追求视觉上的扩展,并强调建筑的简洁性,现有立面上的象征性墙面装饰的颜色被改变,以创造平衡,同时保持其形状。在尊重设计含义的前提下,保留了屋顶上的装饰,这是Bomnae剧院的决定性标志,但在正面增加了金属织物装饰,给人一种现代感。

Reasonable Structural Reinforcement and Exterior Remodeling – In order to improve the structural safety rating of Bomnae Theater from class D to B, we applied slab reinforcement, strengthening of RC beam with steel plate, and steel frame reinforcement to the existing structure. This enabled us to change the internal structure more freely by reducing the structural instability of old bearing walls and concrete columns. In particular, the roof required the installation of rigging beams for the stage and the reinforcement of the supporting structure by adding catwalks, a stage sound system, and lighting fixtures. A gable roof protruding in all directions of the existing building was demolished and the height was increased to form a flat roof to secure additional heights for the entrance and theatre partially, and we also changed the size of the lower mass to improve its relationship with a penthouse which was too large for the building and to harmonize with its surroundings. White stucco was used as the general exterior finishing material to pursue visual expansion and underscore the simplicity of the building, and the color of the symbolic wall decoration on the existing façade was changed to create balance while its shape was maintained. The decoration on the rooftop, the defining mark of the Bomnae Theater is kept in respect of the design meaning, but a metal fabric finish is added to the front to give a modern feeling.

生动而新颖的表演空间–带头建造皇家国家剧院的导演彼得-布鲁克说,剧院建设的科学必须来自于研究什么能带来人们之间最生动的关系。Bomnae剧院项目是一个改造项目,通过应用被称为 “发现空间 “的剧院空间概念,将一个不属于剧院的空间改造成剧院。因此,我们希望提出一个生动的、新的剧院空间,而不是简单的旧剧院改造。在舞台制作和观众方面,现有的Bomnae剧院在制作空间方面需要加强其设施,以支持从音乐会到木偶剧的各种舞台表演,在观看空间方面需要重新安排座位以改善演员和观众之间的距离和亲密感。通过将座位从三层改为两层,确保所有座位的观看角度达到C-Value 90级,通过减少物理距离来建立演员和观众之间的亲密关系。此外,固定和可移动座椅的组合使观众通过在一个 “看 “和 “被看 “的空间中交换各种情感元素,如声音和动作,来体验一个共同的视觉。

Vivid and New Performance Space – Peter Brook, the director who took the lead in the construction of the Royal National Theatre, said, the science of theatre-building must come from studying what it is that brings about the most vivid relationship between people. Bomnae Theater project is a remodeling project that transformed a space that was not a theatre into a theatre by applying the concept of a theatre space known as a ‘found space’. Therefore, we wanted to propose a vivid and new theatre space rather than the simple renovation of an old theatre. In terms of the stage production and audience, the existing Bomnae Theater required reinforcement of its facilities to support various staged performances, from concerts to puppet plays, in terms of the production space, and a rearrangement of seating to improve the distance and intimacy between actors and audiences in terms of viewing space. A viewing angle of C-Value 90 grade for all seats was secured by changing the seating from three tiers to two tiers, establishing an intimacy between actors and the audience by decreasing physical distance. In addition, the combination of fixed and movable seats allows the audience to experience a shared vision by exchanging various emotional elements such as sounds and movements in a space of ‘see’ and ‘be seen’.

多用途综合文化空间–Bomnae剧院,作为一个低预算的小剧场改造项目,试图引入黑匣子剧院的概念,根据导演的意图和需要改变其舞台的形状。竞争提案虽然没有实现,但提供了一个计划,即引入可拆卸的剧院座椅,以实现座椅和舞台的各种安排。考虑到表演者的各种动作,在北侧增加了一个直接从舞台连接到外面的外部楼梯,将表演延伸到户外广场。此外,还增加了多功能更衣室,以解决表演支持空间不足的问题。新增加的电梯有助于有效地运送和拆除设备,并改善了舞台剧中残疾工作人员和观众的出入和流通。

Multi-purpose Complex Cultural Space – Bomnae Theater, as a low-budget small theatre remodeling project, attempted to introduce the concept of a black box theatre that would change the shape of its stage according to the intentions and needs of the director. The competition proposal, though not realized, offered a plan to introduce removable theatre seats for various arrangements of seats and stage. In consideration of the various movements of performers, an external staircase that connects directly from the stage to the outside was added on the north side to extend performances to the outdoor plaza. In addition, multi-purpose dressing rooms were added to solve the shortage of space for performance support. A newly added elevator helps with the efficient delivery and removal of equipment and improves access and circulation for disabled staff and audience members in a stage production.

现有的Bomnae剧院没有为观众提供大厅空间,因为二楼的表演大厅是由室外楼梯直接连接的。一楼和二楼长期闲置的大厅现在被改造成一个大的大堂空间,改善了入口。观众通过大厅和入口空间进入剧院,可以体验到整个建筑的空间。大厅作为观众成员之间以及观众和表演者之间的交流场所,使他们在演出前后的体验得到了扩展。一楼的休息室被用作表演者的热身空间和研讨会,以及市民的综合文化空间。这是一个供所有人休息的空间,它可以用于各种文化和艺术活动,如表演和艺术展览。在这个项目中,我们试图引入一个灵活的空间,能够容纳小剧场的实验性表演规划。由于对所有公共项目的限制,我们的一些目标没有实现,但我希望Bomnae剧院将逐渐改变我们对文化空间的看法。

The existing Bomnae Theater had no lobby space for the audience, as the second-floor performance hall was directly connected by an outdoor staircase. The halls on the first and second floors which had long gone unused have now been transformed into a large lobby space, which improves the entry. The audience can experience the entire space of the building as they enter the theatre through the lobby and entrance space. The lobby acts as a place for exchange between the audience members and between the audience and performers, which allows an expansion of their experience before and after a performance. A lounge on the first floor is being used as a warm-up space for performers and for workshops as well as a complex cultural space for citizens. This is a rest space for everyone, and it can be used for various cultural and artistic activities like performances and art exhibitions. In this project, we tried to introduce a flexible space that would be able to accommodate experimental performance planning in a small theatre. Some of our aims were not realized due to the limitations imposed on all public projects, but I hope that Bomnae Theater will gradually change our perception of cultural space.

Architects: Simplex Architecture
Area : 748 m²
Year : 2021
Photographs :Yousub Song
Lead Architects : Chung Whan Park, Sanghun Song
Project Team : Eunseon Jung, Hyunwoo Lee, Seongwook Jeong
Theatre Consultant : Ghost LX, Jeong Sik Yoo
City : Chuncheon
Country : South Korea