被动式学校
为了适应两所小学的合并，克诺克-海斯特市开发了一个雄心勃勃的项目：一个所谓的被动式学校。该建筑必须符合最高的环境标准，使每平方米的供暖和制冷的最大消耗量为15千瓦时。为了达到这个目标，已经采取了许多措施，有些是技术性的，有些是建筑性的。因此，除了三层玻璃、重型隔热材料和 “加拿大之井 “之外，该建筑还有一个用于夜间通风的 “火山 “和一个多功能门廊，以阻挡太阳的直射。

Passive School
To accommodate the merger of two primary schools the city of Knokke-Heist has developed an ambitious project: a so-called Passive School. The building has to comply with the highest environmental standards which should lead to a maximal consumption of 15 kWh per square meter for heating and cooling. A number of measures have been taken, some technical and some architectonic, to reach this goal. So besides triple glass, heavy duty insulation and the ‘Canadian Well’ for instance, the building features a ‘Volcano’ for night ventilation and a multifunctional porch to block the direct rays of the sun.

心脏
新学校由五个功能组群组成：一个小学和一个托儿所，辅以一个结合课后日托的食堂，一个教师和行政部门的区域，以及一个多功能的体育馆。通过将这个体操馆置于建筑的中心，它将在整个学校的日常生活中发挥积极作用。大厅本身可以作为一个广场：一个会议场所，一个剧院，一个举行仪式和节日的房间。大厅是一个枢纽：它将形成学校不同功能之间的联系。

Heart
The new school consists of five functional clusters: a primary school and a nursery complemented by a refectory combined with after school daycare, a domain for the teachers and the administration and a multifunctional sports hall. By positioning this gymnastics hall in the center of the building it will play an active role in the daily life of the entire school. The hall as such can perform as square: a meeting place, a theatre, a room for ceremonies and festivals. The hall is a hub: it will form the connection between the different functions of the school.

十的力量
教育正在经历一个个性化的过程。传统的 “正面 “使用教室，由教师在一群听众面前传授知识的做法变得不那么重要。教育变得互动。孩子们越来越多地自己或在小组中工作。需要更少的固定工作空间；更灵活的安排成为理想。在这个意义上，学校建筑的 “规模层 “的数量应该增加。

Powers of Ten
Education is going through a process of individualization. The traditional ‘frontal’ use of a classroom with a teacher transmitting his knowledge in front of a group of listeners becomes less dominant. Education becomes interactive. Kids, more and more, work by themselves or in small groups. Fewer fixed working spaces are needed; more flexible arrangements become desirable. In that sense the number of ‘scale levels’ of a school building should be increased.

总面积=净面积？
净值是客户想要的有效空间，毛值是实际需要支付的。在今天的建筑中，毛/净比例是一个决定性的因素。我们能不能为建筑重新找回 “皮重”？我们的愿望是建造一个没有走廊的建筑。走廊是单一功能的管道。我们能不能把交通空间变成一个更多功能的生物圈？

Gross = Net?
The Net is the effective space that the client desires, the Gross what actually has to be paid for. In today’s architecture the Gross / Net ratio is a decisive factor. Can we reclaim the Tare for Architecture? The aspiration is to make a building without corridors. Corridors are mono-functional conduits. Can we turn the traffic space into a more versatile biotope?

回廊
体育馆被一种拱廊所包围，将孩子和游客分布在整个建筑中。一堵厚厚的墙吸收了更衣室和存储空间。但它也包含了用于玩耍或学习的空洞，希望能进一步激活走廊并增加学习室的范围。墙体打开，显示出里面的活动，并在建筑的不同部分之间创造视觉关系。

Cloister
The sports hall is enveloped by a kind of arcade that distributes the kids and visitors over the building. A thick wall absorbs the dressing rooms and storage space. But it also contains cavities for playing or studying that will hopefully further activate the hallway and increase the spectrum of study rooms. The wall opens up to reveal the activity inside and to create visual relationships between the different parts of the building.

电路
这里没有死胡同。循环由一系列的回路组成；连接的回路产生一种连续性和无尽的感觉。

Circuit
There are no dead ends. The circulation consists of a series of loops; connected circuits that generate a sense of continuity and endlessness.

光芒
多功能厅需要比其他房间有更高的高度：它穿过屋顶。自然光将照亮它的内部：建筑的中心点亮了。

Glow
The multifunctional hall requires a bigger height than the other rooms: it pops through the roof. Natural light will illuminate its interior: the heart of the building lights up.

小学
小学由一系列教室组成，这些教室围绕着一个长方形的封闭的 “院子”。木质架子（用于悬挂外套和展示或储存学校的东西）在教室和这个内部 “广场 “之间形成一个界面。教室成为更大的整体的一部分；孩子们也可以在他们教室的边界外工作。在内部广场上放置了一个包含存储、装置和厕所的多种形式的街区，创造了一些壁龛：走廊有可能成为工作空间。在这个街区的顶部，出现了非正式的空间，一个 “阁楼 “或 “帐篷”。楼梯可以作为一个支架。火山的形状有助于抽取升温的空气来冷却建筑。整个学校的混凝土天花板在夜间积累了寒气，保证了一天的开始是清爽的。

Primary
The primary school consists of a series of classrooms that are placed around a rectangular enclosed ‘courtyard’. Wooden shelves (for hanging coats and displaying or storing school stuff) form an interface between the classrooms and this interior ‘square’. The classrooms become part of the larger whole; the children can also work outside the boundaries of their classrooms. A multiform block containing storage, installations and toilets is placed on the interior plaza creating niches: the corridor potentially becomes workspace. On top of this block and informal space emerges, an ‘attic’ or a ‘tent’. The stair doubles as a stand. The volcano shape helps to extract warmed up air to cool the building. Concrete ceilings throughout the school accumulate the chill over night and guarantee a refreshing start the day.

幼儿园
幼儿园的房间都围绕着一条超宽的走廊。这个大厅直接连接到外面的泡沫状操场。这个空间有5.4米宽，是教室的延伸；是学习和游戏的集体空间。

Nursery
The rooms for the nursery are grouped around a super wide corridor. This hall connects directly to the bubble shaped playground outside. The space is 5,4 meters wide and serves an extension of the classrooms; a collective space for learning or playing.

平面
场地的宽敞性创造了一个绝妙的机会：学校可以被组织在一个单一的层中。这本身就可以提供一种幸福的延伸性和开放性，但更重要的是，水平的特点使每个教室都可以直接进入周围的花园。

Flat
The spacious nature of the site creates a wonderful opportunity: the school can be organized in one single layer. In itself this can provide a blissful sense of extensiveness and openness, but moreover the horizontal character allows for every classroom to have direct access to the surrounding gardens.

平台支付
通过将建筑略微沉入地面，轮廓变得格外友好；建筑会显得很适中；屋顶几乎触手可及。由于内部和外部的高度差等于学校课桌的高度，窗台有可能成为工作场所；它成为一个额外的长桌子，可用于学习、游戏、存储或展示。三个台阶通向向花园的双门。

Plat Pays
By sinking the building slightly into the ground the silhouette becomes extra friendly; the building will appear modest; the roof is almost within reach. Since the height difference between inside and outside equals the height of the school desks the windowsill potentially becomes workplace; it becomes a long additional table that can be used for studying, playing, as storage or as display. Three steps lead to double doors that open towards the garden.

门廊
屋顶在必要时突出，以防止阳光直接进入。一个门廊应运而生，用于闲逛或露天工作或学习；室外但有遮挡。

Porch
The roof protrudes where necessary to prevent direct sunlight to enter. A porch comes into being, to hang out or for open-air working or studying; outdoor but covered.

阿米巴
小学和幼儿园的集群、行政和其他多功能空间都与体育馆相连。因此，一个多形式的建筑应运而生，它包容了户外空间（反之亦然）。这些花园具有独特的功能和特点：菜园、农场、公园、操场、球场、公共广场。

Amoeba
The clusters for the primary school and the nursery school, the administration and other multifunctional spaces are all connected to the gym hall. As such a multiform building comes into being that embraces the outdoor space (and vice versa). These gardens have distinct functions and characters: kitchen garden, farm, park, playground, pitch, public square.

绿色屋顶
火山顶上有一层植被，以提高生物多样性，并创造一个自然的外观。屋顶的很大一部分是由卵石覆盖的。这个表面正被用于收集雨水。也许与直觉相反的是，这个灰色屋顶比绿色屋顶更具有可持续性。

Green Roof
The volcano is topped with a layer of vegetation to enhance biodiversity and to create a natural appearance. large part of the roof is covered in pebbles. This surface is being used for rainwater collection. Perhaps counter-intuitively this grey roof turned out more sustainable than a green roof.

Architects: ABT België, NL Architects
Area: 3280 m²
Year: 2017
Photographs: Marcel van der Burg
Manufacturers: Forbo Flooring Systems, Prince Cladding, Duo Gevel
Lead Architects: Sarah Möller
Structural Engineer: ABT Belgie nv
Climate and Energy Consultant: Cenergie
Cost Consultant:Bremen Bouwadviseurs
Design Team:Guus Peters, Gertjan Machiels, Gerbrand van Oostveen, Giulia Pastore, Michael Schoner and Gen Yamamoto with Shuichiro Mitomo, Justine Lemesre, Jasper Selen, Christian Asbø, Mindaugas Glodenis, Else Ferf Jentink, Luca Kaptein Roodnat
City:Knokke-Heist
Country:Belgium