Nacional 135是一个定制的住宅，位于瓦哈卡市南部，是墨西哥风景如画的世界文化遗产。该住宅坐落在圣塞巴斯蒂安-图特拉市，见证了快速的城市扩张和典型的农村场景融为一体的环境。
Nacional 135 is a custom-built home located south of Oaxaca City, a picturesque World Heritage Site in México. Nested in the San Sebastian Tutla Municipality, this home witnesses an ambient where the fast urban sprawl and the typical rural scene melt together.
建筑方案通过一组有用的体量来回应居住者的各种需求，这些体量有助于以明确的方式解决每个楼层的规划。示意图和功能图很简单；就像树枝一样，几个元素从两个主轴上分布：一个是水平轴，一个是垂直轴，把它们分成私人和半私人空间。主房间的设计考虑到了阁楼的概念，为将来实施个人图书馆和工作室做了设定。
The architectural program responds to the occupants’ various needs through a useful set of volumes that helped to solve each floor plan in a clearly manner. The schematic and functional diagrams are simple; just like branches, the several elements are distributed from two main axes: one horizontal and one vertical, separating them into private and semi-private spaces. The main room was designed with the loft concept in mind, setting it up for the future implementation of a personal library and studio.
外墙是内部活动的结果。考虑到在必要的地方使用清晰和坚实的表面，获得背面的山景，产生交叉的通风，并利用全天阳光创造的变化模式，帮助我们完成了我们所说的智能外墙。
The facades are the result of the activities harbored inside. Taking into account the use of clear and solid surfaces wherever is necessary, procuring views to the mountains on the back, generating crossed ventilations and taking advantage of the changing patterns created by the sunlight throughout the day helped us to the accomplishment of what we call a smart façade.
从街道上的行人入口处看去，对整个体量产生了第一印象。由于内部空间的动态性和连续性，居住者可以轻松地走动。
The perspective from the pedestrian entrance on the street creates a first impression of the volumes as a whole. Thanks to the dynamism and continuity of the spaces inside, the occupants can get around with ease.
房屋使用的主要材料是传统的手工砖和在现场准备的特殊土质抹灰。这种石膏可以追溯到后古典时期，以前在西班牙征服墨西哥时，曾被用作修道院和教堂的防水方法。我们很幸运地遇到了一位掌握这种古老配方知识和技术的抹灰工，这种配方是用腐烂的石灰、仙人掌汁和当地的赭石土制成的；创造的抹灰与双层主房间的深色砖块形成了优美的对比。
The predominant materials used on the house are traditional handmade bricks and a special earthen plaster prepared on site. This kind of plaster dates back to the Postclassic period and was formerly used as a waterproofing method in convents and churches during the Spanish Conquest of Mexico. We were fortunate enough to have met a plasterer with the knowledge and techniques of this ancient formula made out of rotten lime, cactus juice and local ochre soil; creating a plaster that contrasts gracefully with the dark bricks of the double-height main room.
最后，这个房子作为一个新的元素插入到一个典型的郊区环境中，已经被该地区的人们所采用，并被作为Camino Nacional街道的一个参考。
In the end, the house achieves to insert itself into a typical suburban context as a new element that has been already adopted by the people in the area and taken as a reference on the Camino Nacional street.
Architects: Espacio 18 Arquitectura
Area: 280 m²
Year: 2017
Photographs: Lorena Darquea
Manufacturers: Cemex, Helvex, Interceramic, Tecnolite
Collaborators:Enrique Guzmán, Joaquín Zárate, Margarita López Ortíz.
Architects In Charge:Carla Osorio Jiménez, Mario Alberto Ávila López y Romeo Ávila García
Country:Mexico