熟练劳动力的稀缺和建筑业的低发展是影响我们在巴西利亚工作的现实的一部分。因此,我们认为,该地区使用的传统建筑方法所固有的不完美和不准确是需要在 “低技术 “的巴西建筑中加以理解的特点,以便在我们的建筑中得到更好的限定、重塑和重新解释。在这个项目中,我们测试了巴西建筑的两个传统元素之间的另一种衔接形式:混凝土浇注结构和预制混凝土和陶瓷块。采用的前提是使用低成本的材料和采用低维护的解决方案。

The scarcity of skilled labor and the low development of the construction industry are part of the reality that influences our work in Brasilia. Thus, we consider that the imperfection and inaccuracy inherent in the traditional method of construction used in the region are characteristics that need to be understood in the “low-tech” Brazilian construction, to be better qualified, reframed and reinterpreted in our architecture. In this project, we tested an alternative form of articulation between two conventional elements of Brazilian construction: the cast concrete structure and the precast concrete and ceramic block. The premises adopted were the use of low-cost materials and the adoption of low maintenance solutions.

房子的结构由十个相同的混凝土门廊组成,宽760厘米,每隔300厘米,由格子混凝土梁和陶瓷砖组成的混合陶瓷混凝土板连接。) 调制提供了一个简单的执行,以适应现有的劳动力和最初确定的成本。板块与门廊的连接是通过现场实验的方法,使预制托梁与门廊的主混凝土梁的底部对齐。这样一来,楼板就 “挂 “在梁上,而不是靠在梁上。

The structure of the house consists of ten identical concrete porticoes 760cm wide, in every 300cm and connected by mixed ceramic-concrete slabs composed of latticed concrete beams and ceramic bricks). Modulation provided a simple execution adapted to the available labor and to the cost initially established. The slabs were connected to the porticoes by an on-site experimental method that allowed the precast joists to be aligned with the underside of the main concrete beam of the portico. In this way, the slabs are “hanging” on the beams, rather than resting on them.

所有门廊的柱子都是一起完成的。柱子顶部的分割线标志着第一步的混凝土浇筑。然后,梁的下部加固部分与混合陶瓷混凝土板一起浇筑。其余的倒置梁在第一次混凝土浇筑后不到12小时就浇筑完成,根据巴西的标准(ABNT),这是允许的,这样就无法界定两个 “阶段”,而梁是结合在一起的。

All the columns of the porticoes were completed together. The division line at the top of the columns marks the first step of concreting. Then, the lower reinforcement portions of the beams were cast together with mixed ceramic-concrete slabs. The rest of the inverted beams were cast less than twelve hours after the first concreting, which is allowed according to Brazilian standards (ABNT) so that the two “stages” cannot be defined, and the beams are united in one.

大面积的混合板在梁的底部排列,与小段的混凝土板在其上表面排列交替进行。陶瓷砖的板块面向花园,塑造了卧室、车库和起居室的天花板,而混凝土板块则构成了浴室、厨房和服务设施的天花板。

The large areas of mixed slabs aligned by the underside of the beams alternate with small segments of concrete slab aligned by their upper face. While the slabs with ceramic bricks face the garden and shape the ceiling of the bedrooms, garage and living room, the concrete slabs form the ceilings of bathrooms, kitchen, and services.

Architects: BLOCO Arquitetos
Area: 215 m²
Year: 2018
Photographs: Haruo Mikami
Manufacturers: AutoDesk, Deca, Docol
Lead Architects: Daniel Mangabeira, Henrique Coutinho, Matheus Seco
Coautor:Victor Machado
Engineering:Grid Engenharia
Collaborators:Fernando Pauro
Structural Calculation:Engenheiro André Torres
Installations Projects:Grid Engenharia
City:Brasilia
Country:Brazil