拉贾斯坦邦是砂岩作为建筑材料的代名词，但遗憾的是，在过去的几十年里，这种材料已经沦为一种 “覆土 “媒介，它作为一种坚固和可持续的结构元素的潜力并没有被发掘出来。斋浦尔的房子给我们提供了一个机会，去探索和发展一种在传统建筑中盛行了几个世纪的建筑方法。我们提出了一个简单的要求：除了石头，其他材料都不能用于建筑。
Rajasthan is synonymous with sandstone as a building material but sadly, over the last few decades, this material has been reduced to a ‘cladding ‘medium and its potential as a robust and sustainable structural element has not been explored. The house in Jaipur presented us with an opportunity to explore and evolve a method of building that has been prevalent in traditional buildings for centuries. We laid out a simple brief: no material other than stone should be used for construction.
传统的承重建筑方法依赖于墙壁的防渗厚度。我们重新设计了一个空心互锁的结构墙体系统，创造了一个更有效的热障，提供了在墙体空腔内整合服务的空间，并有效减少了30%的材料消耗。地板系统在拱顶和大型单跨石块之间交替进行。每一个建筑元素，从地下室筏子/挡墙/门楣/门窗框/门廊/楼梯/围栏等都是由石块制成的，这些石块有的来自采石场（上层建筑元素），有的从现场挖掘出来（下层建筑元素）。
The traditional method of load-bearing construction relied on the impermeable thickness of walls. This was reengineered to develop a hollow interlocking structural wall system that creates a more effective thermal break, provides space to integrate services within the wall cavity, and effectively reduces the material consumption by 30%. Floor systems alternate between vaults and large single-span stone pieces. Every building element from the basement raft/retaining walls/lintels/door and window jambs/reveals/stairs/screens etc has been made from stone blocks, either from the quarry ( superstructure elements) or excavated from the site ( substructure elements).
这座房子围绕着一个狭窄的院子布置，当它穿过房子时，延伸到更窄的缝隙和裂缝中，基本上是借鉴了传统住宅的空隙和间歇空间的比例，作为对抗夏季恶劣阳光的方法。大面积的正面和背面玻璃被深悬和可操作的手工切割石屏风所遮挡，以调节光线、隐私和视野。
The house is arranged around a narrow courtyard that extends into even narrower slits and fissures as it weaves its way through the house, essentially drawing on the proportions of voids and interstitial spaces of traditional dwellings as a method to counter the effect of the harsh summer sun. Large front and rear-facing glazing are shaded by deep overhangs and operable, hand-cut stone screens to modulate light, privacy, and views.
采石场：硬砂岩（Jodhpur石）的采石场离工地有45分钟的路程。在我们的要求下，采石场的工头恢复了使用传统石匠工具的 “劈开 “石头的技术，而不是使用机器密集型的高产帮锯开采，并消除了天然石纹。劈开石头可以调动人的手感，限制加工，并保留石头的自然地球印记。
QUARRY: Hard sandstone ( Jodhpur stone) is quarried 45mins away from the site. At our request, the quarry foreman reverted to the “ splitting” stone technique using traditional stonemasonry tools instead of the high-yield gangsaw extraction that is machine intensive and eliminates the natural stone grain. Splitting the stone mobilizes the human touch, limits the processing, and retains the natural Earth imprint of the stone.
工艺+工程。来自周围村庄的石匠们世世代代都在用他们的双手加工石头。过去积累的知识和工程理论创造了一种有趣的、经常相互矛盾的智力重叠，而这种重叠往往是由石匠头领来解决的，包括确定最佳的石头尺寸，使两个石匠可以在最小的机械协助下搬运和铺设（与砖不同，没有标准的石头尺寸）。
CRAFT + ENGINEERING: Stonemasons from the surrounding villages have worked stone with their hands for generations. The accumulated knowledge of the past along with the theory of Engineering created an interesting and often contradictory overlap of intelligence that was most often resolved by the Head Stonemason, including identifying the optimal size of stone that could be carried and laid by 2 masons with minimal mechanical assistance ( unlike brick, there is no Standard stone size).
工艺的范围，通常限于点缀、人工和物体，被扩大到建筑规模。 容易消耗的符号学被物质资源和工艺在一个既古老又现代的空间中的原始和基本部署所取代。
The purview of Craft, often limited to embellishment, artifice, and object, was expanded to the building scale. Easily consumable symbology is supplanted by the primal and essential deployment of material resources and craft in a space that is both Ancient and Contemporary.
热性能。在外部和内部之间可以观察到大约5-7*C的变化。这是由于材料的热质量和 “空腔 “结构造成的。
Thermal Performance: Approximately 5-7*C variation can be observed between the exterior and interior. This is due to the thermal mass of the material and the “cavity” construction.
干石结构。 少量的钢筋，如拉杆和剪力钉，加强了石头的抗震性能。石灰砂浆仅用于密封外部接缝。
Dry Stone Construction: A minimal amount of steel such as tie-rods and shear pins reinforce the stone for seismic performance. Lime mortar is used only to seal the exterior joints.
Architects: Malik Architecture
Area: 8000 ft²
Year: 2019
Photographs: Bharath Ramamrutham, Fabien Charuau
Manufacturers: AutoDesk, Daikin, Jaquar, Trimble Navigation
Landscape Consultants: Malik Architecture
Structural Consultants: Global Engineering Services
Design Team:Kamal Malik, Arjun Malik, Ketan Chaudhary, Payal Hundiwala, Soumya Shukla, Neha Kotian
Carpentry:Naresh Suthar
Plumbing Consultants:Global Engineering Services
Architects:Malik Architecture
City:Jaipur
Country:India