漂浮物
鹿特丹（荷兰）建筑公司的RAP工作室用木材和实心软木设计了一个可持续发展的浮动房屋。裸露的木材内部捕捉光线，创造了一个美妙的宁静的室内体验，裸露的软木外部与历史城市的氛围巧妙地融合在一起。主要使用两种材料，木材和软木，从根本上简化了其结构，同时创造了简单而优雅的细节。

The Float
Studio RAP, a Rotterdam (NL) based architecture firm, designed a sustainable floating home from timber and solid cork. The exposed timber interior captures light and creates a wonderful tranquil interior experience, the exposed cork exterior blends in subtly with the atmosphere of the historical city. The use of mainly two materials, timber and cork, radically simplified its construction while creating simple yet elegant details.

建筑概念
”我们的客户要求我们在历史名城莱顿（荷兰）风景如画的运河边设计一个创新和可持续的漂浮住宅。我们对主体的设计是基于这样的想法：房子可以是一系列的氛围，代表生活的功能，同时避免单一的漂浮容器外观。以此作为设计的出发点，我们设计了一系列较小的模块，并朝着运河对面茂盛的大自然旋转。之后，在模块之间添加额外的面板，并进行折叠，创造出复杂的三维波纹墙和屋顶。

Architectural concept
‘‘Our client asked us to design an innovative and sustainable floating home along the picturesque canals in the historical city of Leiden (NL). Our design for the main mass is based on the idea that the house could be a series of atmospheres representing functions of living that at the same time avoid a single floating container appearance.’’ Taking this as the starting point for the design a series of smaller modules were designed and rotated towards the lush nature on the opposite side of the canal. Afterwards extra panels were added in between the modules and folded, creating intricate 3d corrugated walls and a roof.

折纸结构
这个浮动房屋的非标准结构是受到折纸原理和折叠结构的启发。与传统的结构形式相比，这导致了更大的跨度和更少的材料。这个承重结构完全由交叉层压木材（CLT）实现，这是一种坚实的、以木材和生物为基础的材料，作为内部装饰而被暴露出来。通过与结构工程师的紧密合作，对墙体和屋顶的褶皱进行了设计和参数优化，从而减少了超过2000公斤的木材。

Origami structure
The non-standard structure of this floating home was inspired by origami-principles and folded structures. This results in greater spans with less material than more conventional forms of structure. This load bearing structure was completely realised in Cross-Laminated-Timber (CLT), a solid, timber and bio-based material that was left exposed as the interior finish. In close collaboration with the structural engineer, folds were designed and parametrically optimised for the walls and roof that resulted in a reduction over 2000kg of timber.

软木
木材结构完全由软木包覆，低密度软木保温层和高密度软木外层由软木砂浆层粘合，创造了可以呼吸的墙体，从而创造了健康舒适的室内气候。该项目中使用的软木是一种纯植物材料，具有独特的生态起源，使该建筑具有非常低的碳足迹。软木也是一种很好的数字制造材料，所有的软木模块都是数控切割，在它们之间形成整齐的接缝和定制的窗户细节。

Cork
The timber structure is solely clad in cork, a low density cork insulation layer and a high density cork outer layer bonded by a cork mortar layer, creating walls that breathe with a healthy and comfortable interior climate as a result. The expanded cork used in this project is a pure plant-based material with a unique ecological origin giving the building an exceptionally low carbon footprint. Cork is also a great material to manufacture digitally, all cork modules were cnc-cut creating neat seams between them and bespoke window details.

数字化工作流程
这个项目的所有阶段都是完全数字化实现的，从设计到实现。所有CLT和软木的数字生产数据都是直接从其数字设计中产生的，并进行了结构计算。完全数字化工作流程的好处是，所有的东西都是数字化的，因此是可变的，这使得在实现过程的后期，可以毫无问题地进行修改。通过这种方式，不同的设计方案可以很容易地进行规划、技术和财务可行性测试。可持续性是这个数字工作流程的核心，并指导着大多数的设计决策，通过这种方式，该项目希望在可持续建筑方面进一步推动行业发展，并超越传统建筑材料和方法的使用。

Digital workflow
All phases of this project have been realised fully digital, from design to realisation. Directly from its digital design all digital production data for the CLT and cork was made and structural calculations were done. The advantage of a solely digital workflow is that everything remains digital and therefore variable, making it possible to do changes without any problems until late in the realisation process. In this way, different design scenarios can easily be tested for planning, technical and financial feasibility. Sustainability was central in this digital workflow and guided most design decisions, in this way the project aspires to push the industry further with sustainable architecture and look beyond the use of conventional construction materials and methods.

Architects: Studio RAP
Area : 85 m²
Year : 2021
Photographs :Riccardo De Vecchi, Studio RAP
Structural Design : Summum Engineering
Work Preparation And Technical Detailing : Studio RAP
Contractor : Private
Program / Use / Building Function : Residential
Client : Private
City : Leiden
Country : The Netherlands