作为一个由建筑师、木匠和锁匠组成的团队,我们都喜欢乘坐房车或改装的货车在车轮上旅行,这既是一种爱好,也是一种生活方式。

As a team of architects, carpenters, and locksmiths, we all share the love for traveling on wheels in motorhomes or converted vans, either as a hobby or as a lifestyle.

Madeiguincho的首席执行官提出了一个挑战,即根据机动车的尺寸规定,设计和建造三个不同长度(4米、5米和7米)、宽度为2.5米、最大高度为4米的轮式房屋原型(基于拖车的概念)。移动房屋的概念与微型房屋的概念有内在联系,意味着重新思考我们的现代生活方式,将生活的各个方面(吃饭、睡觉、休息、洗澡、工作、社交)纳入一个小小的空间(17,5平方米)。

The CEO of Madeiguincho set the challenge of designing and building three prototypes of houses on wheels (based on the concept of trailers) with different lengths (4m, 5m, and 7m), 2.5m in width, and a maximum height of 4m, according to the size regulations for motor vehicles. The concept of mobile homes is intrinsically related to the concept of tiny homes and implies rethinking our modern lifestyle to fit the various aspects of living (eating, sleeping, lounging, bathing, working, socializing) into a tiny space (17,5m2).

我们决定,这个名为 “Ursa “的 “车轮上的小房子”(Tiny On Wheels)项目将是完全离网的。因此,屋顶被设计成5%的坡度,让雨水顺着外墙和椭圆的窗户流向水沟,在到达两个总容量为650升的水箱之前,水沟通向一个颗粒过滤器。雨水可以通过一个加压水系统重新使用,该系统将水抽到一个80升的蓄热水箱中,为三个水管设备(厨房水槽、浴室水槽和淋浴)供水。

We decided that this Tiny On Wheels (TOW) project, which we named Ursa, would be totally off-grid. So, the roof was designed with a 5% slope to allow rainwater to run down the facade and the oval window towards a gutter that leads to a particle filter before reaching two water tanks with a total capacity of 650 liters. The rainwater can be reused through a pressurized water system that pumps water to an 80l heat accumulator tank that supplies water to the three plumbing fixtures (kitchen sink, bathroom sink, and shower).

在水槽下面安装了一个3级反渗透过滤器来提供饮用水。三个装置中使用的所有水都储存在一个水箱中,之后再用于浇灌植物。水泵、热水器、冰箱和玻璃陶瓷灶台都由安装在屋顶上的五块朝南的太阳能电池板供电,这些电池板可以调整到30%的倾斜度,以便在一年中的所有季节最大限度地生产能源。产生的能量被转换并储存起来供以后使用。为了关闭使这个TOW完全脱离网络工作的循环,我们安装了一个干式厕所,与电力(12V)相连,以生产堆肥。

A 3-stage reverse osmosis filter was installed underneath the sink to provide drinking water. All the water used in the three fixtures is stored in a tank and later reused for watering plants. The water pump, water heater, refrigerator, and glass-ceramic cooktop are all powered by five solar panels installed on the roof facing south, which can be adjusted up to a 30% inclination to maximize energy production in all seasons of the year. The energy produced is converted and stored for later use. To close the cycle that allows this TOW to work totally off-grid, we installed a dry toilet that is connected to electricity (12V) to produce compost.

TOW Ursa的布局是与客户一起开发的,满足他们的需求(两个睡眠区,每个人都可以睡,工作站,厨房区,完整的浴室和一个户外平台),并基于 “小即是美 “和 “被动房设计 “的概念。

The layout of TOW Ursa was developed together with the client, meeting their needs (two sleeping areas for two people each, work station, kitchen area, full bathroom, and an outdoor deck) and based on the concepts of “small is beautiful” and “passive house design.”

这个TOW的结构由一个主要的钢架和一个次要的木架组成。内部墙壁和天花板覆盖着桦木胶合板(18毫米和9毫米),外部则覆盖着热处理过的木材(热木)。在保温方面,我们采用了热围护结构(被动式设计)的概念,并使用40毫米厚的膨胀软木板。对于门窗,我们使用了实心胶合板和钢化玻璃的双层玻璃。

The structure of this TOW consists of a primary steel frame and a secondary wooden frame. The interior walls and ceiling are covered with birch plywood panels (18mm and 9mm), and the exterior is covered with heat-treated timber (thermowood). For insulation, we adopted the concept of thermal envelope (passive design) and used 40mm thick expanded cork boards. For the windows and doors, we used solid plywood and double glazing with tempered glass.

我们有幸能够在一个地方(carpintecture)设计和建造所有的东西,但这个项目最大的挑战之一是大型的椭圆形窗户,为此我们使用数控切割机开发了一些配件,并从我们小时候都用过的木制火车轨道的连接系统中获得灵感。在未来,我们打算在TOW中整合食品生产系统,这将使我们在乘坐车轮上的房子旅行时能够运输我们的食物。

We had the privilege of being able to design and build all in a single place (carpintecture), but one of the biggest challenges of this project was the large oval window, for which we developed some fittings using a CNC cutting machine and taking inspiration from the connecting system of the wooden train tracks that we all used as children. In the future, we intend to integrate food production systems in the TOW that will allow us to transport our food while traveling in our house on wheels.

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Architects: Madeiguincho
Area: 17 m²
Year: 2020
Photographs: Junior Carranca
Manufacturers: Rothoblaas, Binderholz, Garnica Plywood, Diagonal Proporcional Madeiras
Lead Architects: João Brás, Renato Costa
Design Team:Rui Peixoto, David Serrão e Noma Lisboa
City:Cascais
Country:Portugal