环境 – 邓迪位于泰河的北岸，作为北欧航运进入苏格兰的主要入口，有着悠久的历史。今天，V&A邓迪是邓迪城市滨水区10亿英镑改造的皇冠上的明珠，该滨水区沿泰河及其河口延伸8公里，面积达240公顷，从2001年开始进行为期30年的开发。该建筑位于曾经是邓迪繁华的海事基础设施的中心，位于被拆除的格雷伯爵码头的位置。它引人注目的外形将邓迪的中心地带与泰河重新联系起来，呼应了造船业和纺织品贸易是其经济命脉的时代。博物馆旁边是斯勒索花园（Slessor Gardens），这是一个新的公共公园空间，可以举办现场音乐和活动，还有RRS发现号，这艘探索船是在邓迪建造的，1901-1904年由斯科特和沙克尔顿航行到南极洲。

Setting – Dundee sits on the north shore of the Firth of Tay and has a long history as the key entry point to Scotland for shipping from northern Europe. Today, V&A Dundee is the jewel in the crown of a £1 billion transformation of Dundee City Waterfront, which stretches 8km alongside the River Tay and its estuary over an area of 240 hectares, in a 30-year development that began in 2001. The building is positioned at the heart of what was once Dundee’s bustling maritime infrastructure, on the site of the demolished Earl Grey Dock. Its striking form reconnects the heart of Dundee to the Tay, echoing the time when shipbuilding and the trade in textiles were its economic lifeblood. Alongside the museum are Slessor Gardens, a new public park space that hosts live music and events, and RRS Discovery, the exploration ship which was built in Dundee and sailed to Antarctica from 1901-1904 by Scott and Shackleton.

建筑 – 形式 – 博物馆的形式受到了苏格兰东北部海岸线上的悬崖的启发，包层 – 戏剧性的预制混凝土线条，水平地围绕着弯曲的混凝土墙 – 创造出阴影的模式，随着天气和一天中的时间而变化。V&A邓迪的外观是两个倒置的金字塔，它们在底层是分开的，然后在上层的画廊楼层扭曲连接。这创造了一个穿过博物馆中心的开放式拱门，重新连接了城市和河流，框定了泰河的景色，并参考了为欢迎维多利亚女王和阿尔伯特王子于1844年来到该市而在附近建造的纪念性皇家拱门。

The building – Form – The form of the museum is inspired by the cliffs on Scotland’s north-eastern coastline, with the cladding – dramatic lines of pre-cast concrete that run horizontally around the curving concrete walls – creating patterns of shadows which change with the weather and the time of day. V&A Dundee’s appearance is of two inverted pyramids which are separate at ground floor, and then twist to connect at the upper galleries floor. This creates an open archway through the centre of the museum, reconnecting the city with the river, framing the view of the River Tay, and referencing the commemorative Royal Arch which was built nearby to welcome Queen Victoria and Prince Albert to the city in 1844.

皇家拱门在城市的码头被填埋以准备建造泰河大桥时被拆除，大桥于1966年完工。V&A邓迪的设计方案要求建筑师将市中心与河流重新连接起来，隈研吾通过博物馆周围的水池和将博物馆建在泰河中来完成这一任务。一个 “船头 “俯瞰着水面，让人想起该市的造船遗产。

The Royal Arch was demolished when the city’s docks were in-filled to prepare for the construction of the Tay Road Bridge, which was completed in 1966. The brief for V&A Dundee challenged architects to reconnect the city centre with the river, which Kengo Kuma has done through water pools around the museum and by building the museum out into the River Tay. A ‘prow’ leans over the water and recalls the shipbuilding heritage of the city.

结构 – 隈研吾雄心勃勃的设计对工程师和施工人员的要求很高。这是一个独特而复杂的结构，外墙在水平和垂直方向上扭曲，形成像波浪或船体的形状。工程公司奥雅纳(Arup)从竞赛阶段就开始参与该项目，与建筑师、英国BAM建筑公司和项目经理特纳-汤森公司密切合作，将隈研吾的设想变为现实。工程师设计的原始计划包括厚达60厘米的墙壁，里面嵌入巨大的钢块。通过使用3D模型和分析工具对建筑的形状进行试验，团队将墙壁的厚度减少了一半，并将内部的钢筋骨架替换成更薄的钢筋。

Structure – Kengo Kuma’s ambitious design demanded much of both engineers and constructors. It is a unique and complex structure with exterior walls which twist both horizontally and vertically, creating shapes like waves or the hull of a ship. Engineering firm Arup, which had been involved in the project since the competition stage, worked closely with the architects, BAM Construct UK and project managers Turner & Townsend to transform Kengo Kuma’s vision into reality. The original plans devised by the engineers included walls up to 60cm thick with huge pieces of steel embedded inside. By experimenting with the shape of the building using 3D models and analysis tools, the team cut the thickness of the walls by half and replaced the steel skeleton inside with much thinner reinforced bars.

该建筑的功能类似于外壳，是一个连续和相互连接的结构。屋顶、墙壁和地板都共同作用，使建筑稳定。虽然墙体的扭曲和褶皱可能被认为是一个问题，但工程师们考虑到这些复杂性如何有助于加强建筑，就像折纸在折叠时变得更加坚硬一样。为了了解这些细节对整体结构的影响，三维和分析模型是至关重要的。整个建筑的综合3D模型被创建为一个协调工具，这意味着参与施工的建筑师、工程师和承包商都可以研究他们将要建造的东西的数字版本。

The building functions in a similar way to a shell, in that it is a continuous and interconnected structure. The roof, walls and flooring all work together to make the building stable. While the twists and folds of the walls might have been seen as presenting a problem, the engineers considered how these complexities could help strengthen the building, in the same way origami relies on paper becoming more rigid when folded. To understand what impact these details would have on the overall structure, 3D and analysis models were vital. An integrated 3D model of the entire building was created as a coordination tool, meaning the architects, engineers and contractors involved in the construction could all study a digital version of what they were about to build.

完成后的结构仍然忠实于赢得竞争的非凡设计，最大的悬挑看到屋顶延伸到博物馆占地面积以外的19.8米，令人印象深刻。该建筑由两个独立的部分组成，在上层连接，巨大的钢梁将外墙与两个核心部分连接起来，提供支持。一根梁的最大张力相当于支持大约40辆双层巴士。下层一分为二，将公共区域与物品运送、准备和员工宿舍分开，而上层二楼则提供了非常大且不间断的画廊空间。低层结构的分离使得外部人行道可以穿过建筑的中部，这是一个连接河流和城市的拱门。

The finished structure remains true to the extraordinary design that won the competition, with the largest overhang seeing the roof extend an impressive 19.8 metres beyond the footprint of the museum. The building consists of two separate parts joined at the upper floor, where huge steel beams connect the exterior walls to two cores, providing support. The largest tension in a single beam is the equivalent of supporting around 40 double-decker buses. While the lower floor is split in two, separating the public areas from object delivery, preparation and staff quarters, the upper second floor provides very large and uninterrupted gallery spaces. The separation of the structure at the lower levels allows for an outside walkway to pass through the middle of the building, an archway joining the river to the city.

空间 – V&A邓迪的建筑面积为8,445平方米，包括一个主厅、学习中心、礼堂、展览馆和永久性的苏格兰设计馆。在底层，它被安排为两个独立的建筑。这些建筑在二楼的上层连接在一起。参观者通过一个巨大而美丽的主厅进入V&A邓迪，这是一个充满光线的空间，建筑师希望它是一个欢迎和无障碍的空间，一个充满活力的社交场所，有一个咖啡馆、商店和其他参观者。

Spaces – V&A Dundee has a floor area of 8,445 square metres and includes a main hall, learning centre, auditorium, exhibition galleries and the permanent Scottish Design Galleries. At the ground floor level, it is arranged as two separate buildings. These join together on the upper second floor. Visitors enter V&A Dundee through a large and beautiful main hall, a light-filled space intended by the architect to be welcoming and accessible, a vibrant place to socialise with a café, shop and other visitor facilities. The stepped interior walls are lined with hanging oak-veneered panels, pierced throughout by slot windows which create a dynamic, warm and playful light, as well as views out to the river.

主厅和楼梯的地板是用卡洛爱尔兰蓝石灰石镶嵌的，其中包括可见的海洋生物和植物的化石，已有数百万年的历史。选择这种带有化石细节的深色石头是为了在整个建筑中继续保持与海洋和自然的联系。当游客上升到二楼的时候，一部玻璃电梯提供了戏剧性的景色。咖啡厅、餐厅和商店收银台使用的白色混凝土向泰河濒临灭绝的淡水珍珠贻贝致敬。混凝土与贻贝混合在一起，贻贝是英国当地食品工业和当地海岸的可持续采购的副产品，然后浇铸在定制的形式中，并进行抛光以显示其白色、黑色、灰色和蓝色。

The floor of the main hall and staircase is set with Carlow Irish Blue limestone, which includes visible fossils of sea creatures and plants, millions of years old. The dark stone with fossil detail was chosen to continue the connection to sea and nature throughout the building. A glass lift offers dramatic views as visitors rise up to the upper second floor. The white concrete used in the café, restaurant and on the shop’s cash desk pays homage to the River Tay’s endangered freshwater pearl mussel. The concrete has been mixed with mussel shells, a sustainably sourced by-product of the local UK food industry and local shores, then cast in bespoke forms and polished to reveal their whites, blacks, greys and blues.

一楼的夹层包括一个野餐室，供学校在一周内预订，并在周末免费提供给家庭使用，还有一个改变位置的设施。二楼的上层可以看到整个主厅的景色，通过餐厅，可以看到泰河，游客可以进入一个开放的门厅，连接米其林设计馆、汤姆森学习中心以及展览馆和永久性苏格兰设计馆的入口。上层和画廊内的地板是用欧洲橡木铺设的，而餐厅的地板和野餐室的地板和墙壁则是用竹子制作的。

A mezzanine first floor includes a picnic room for schools to book during the week and freely available for families to use at the weekend, as well as a Changing Places facility. The upper second floor has views across the main hall, through the restaurant and out to the River Tay, with visitors welcomed into an open foyer connecting the Michelin Design Gallery, the Thomson Learning Centre and the entrances to both the exhibition galleries and the permanent Scottish Design Galleries. The floors on the upper level and within the galleries are laid with European oak, and bamboo is used for the floor of the restaurant and floor and walls of the picnic room.

V&A邓迪拥有苏格兰最大的博物馆标准的临时展览空间，面积达1100平方米，此外还有550平方米的苏格兰设计画廊。在上层还有一套学习空间，旨在为所有人提供一个多样化的方案，以参与设计创意。毗邻的是一个设计驻留工作室，设计师可以与参观者分享正在进行的工作；一个多功能礼堂，可用于会议、设计大餐和社区活动；还有一个餐厅，通过落地窗和室外露台可以看到RRS发现号和泰河的壮观景色。

V&A Dundee has the largest museum-standard temporary exhibition space in Scotland, at 1,100 square metres, in addition to the Scottish Design Galleries at 550 square metres. Also on the upper floor is a suite of learning spaces, designed to provide a diverse programme for all to participate in design creativity. Adjacent is a design residency studio where designers can share work in progress with visitors, a multi-purpose auditorium for conferences, design jams and community events, and a restaurant with spectacular views through floor-to-ceiling windows and from its outdoor terrace over RRS Discovery and the River Tay.

Architects: Kengo Kuma & Associates
Area : 8445 m²
Year : 2022
Photographs :Hufton+Crow
Manufacturers : HAVER & BOECKER, Sika
Structural Engineering : Arup
Partners In Charge : Kengo Kuma, Yuki Ikeguchi, Teppei Fujiwara
Project Architect : Maurizio Mucciola
Project Manager : Turner & Townsend, John Tavendale,
Scottish Design Relay Graphic Design : Kirsten Ambrogi
Inches Carr Trust Resource Centre Design : PiM.studio Architects
Gallery Foyer Pop Up Retail Design : PiM.studio Architects
Delivery Architect : PiM.studio Architects
Executive Architects : James F Stephen Architects
Civil Engineering : Arup
Mechanical And Electrical Engineering : Arup
Fire Engineering : Arup
Acoustic Engineering : Arup
Façade Engineering : Arup
Lighting : Arup
Quantity Surveyor : CBA
Wayfinding And Signage : Cartlidge Levene
Principal Designer Advisor : C-MIST
Water Feature Specialist : Fountains Direct
Retail Design : Lumsden Design
Gallery Design : ZMMA
Main Contractor : BAM Construct UK
City : Dundee
Country : United Kingdom