这个项目是哥斯达黎加的第一个 “夯土 “项目。我们完全使用挖掘出来的粘土来建造所有周边的承重墙。在乌维塔镇附近，在海拔300米的11000平方米的土地上，我设计了两座小别墅，位于一个丛林丛生的山上。这两座别墅，部分悬浮在陡峭的南坡之上，是为短期休闲租赁而设计的。每栋别墅的建筑面积为90平方米。
This project is the very first “rammed earth” implementation in Costa Rica. We completely used clay soil from the excavations for the construction of all perimeter bearing walls. Near Uvita town, on a plot of 11,000 square meters at a height of 300 m above the sea, I designed two small villas on a hill overgrown with a jungle. Both villas, partly levitating above the steep southern slope, are designed for short-term recreational rentals. The built-up area of each of them is 90 m2.
我的意图是设计具有生物亲和力的可持续房屋，这些房屋将是经过深思熟虑的，同时它们的形状将是强烈的极简主义和简单。没有不必要的额外元素，但也没有什么可错过的。别墅的建筑是经过深思熟虑的，其细而尖的线条与郁郁葱葱的热带植被形成对比，但所选择的材料和颜色与周围环境完美吻合。
My intention was to design sustainable houses with biophilic interiors, which will be sophisticatedly thought-up and at the same time their shaping will be strongly minimalist and simple. No unnecessary extra element, but also nothing to miss. The architecture of villas is deliberate with its thin and sharp lines in contrast to lush tropical vegetation, but the chosen materials and colors are perfectly coinciding with the surroundings.
两座别墅在建筑上都是一样的。材料、平面布局或朝向红心点的方向也是相同的。然而，它在内部却有所不同，特别是它的色彩概念，这也部分反映在外部。建筑设计是基于genius loci–建筑地块朝向太平洋的无尽视野和地形的形态的基础上的。室内的色彩概念响应了别墅建造前所感受到的能量。
Both villas are architecturally the same. Materials, floor plan layout, or orientation towards cardinal points are also identical. However, it differs in the interior, especially by its color concept, which is partly reflected also in the exteriors. The architectural design is based on the genius loci – on the orientation of the building plot toward the endless view of the Pacific Ocean and the morphology of the terrain. The color concept of interiors responds to the energies that were perceived in the location of the villas before their construction.
虽然这些别墅只相隔12米，但每栋别墅都有明显不同的振动，我在室内设计中反映了这一点。Jaspis别墅（jaspis=碧玉，明亮的别墅）是一种阴性能量的反映。它与海洋和天空相连，不仅是视觉上的，而且还有其振动。通过沙子色调的色彩概念，我回应了这种相互联系。Nefrit别墅（nefrit=玉石，黑暗的别墅）是阳气的反映。在Nefrit别墅，你可以感受到地面和丛林之间的联系。在这里，所选择的色彩概念也是对这些能量的反应，混凝土地面的红陶色将当地土壤的阴影传递到房子的内部。抵达后，这两座别墅似乎都很不显眼，而且很简陋。
Although the villas are only 12 m apart, each of them has clearly different vibrations that I reflected in the interior design. Jaspis Villa (jaspis = jasper, bright villa) is a reflection of yin energy. It is connected to the ocean and sky, not only visually, but also with its vibrations. With a color concept in sand shades, I respond to this interconnection. Nefrit Villa (nefrit = jade, dark villa) is a reflection of yang energy. In the Nefrit villa, you can feel the connection between the ground and the jungle. Here, too, the chosen color concept is a reaction to these energies and the red-terracotta color of the concrete floor transmits the shade of local soil to the interior of the house. Upon arrival, both villas seem very inconspicuous, and humble.
在侧面，它们的两边都是新种植的热带植物。但是，当你穿过别墅，进一步走向悬浮的梯田，走了几步之后，海洋的景色就豁然开朗，你会发现自己在主卧室的宽阔空间里，有相邻的梯田和无边的跳水池。仿佛你突然发现自己在一个与你进入的不同的别墅里。我极力强调所有的建筑–建筑细节和它们的相互制约。夯土墙和混凝土的原始视觉材料与结构性的H型钢相辅相成，支撑着混凝土整体式的天花板。
On the sides, they are lined with newly planted tropical plants. But as soon as you pass through the villa, further towards the levitating terraces, after a few steps, the view of the ocean is opening, and you will find yourself in the generous space of the main bedroom with adjacent terraces and infinity plunge pool. As if you suddenly find yourself in a different villa other than you entered. I put an extreme emphasis on all construction – architectural details and their mutual constraints. The raw visual materials of rammed earth walls and concrete are complemented by the structural steel H-beams, supporting a concrete monolithic ceiling slab.
房屋的大梁和环形梁只在屋顶的上端面可见，屋顶上有一对钢制的 “U “型材。它们也实现了屋顶阁楼的功能。所有面向无尽海景的外墙都由无框玻璃设计。玻璃幕墙的滑动部分和实体部分的型材被嵌入到混凝土天花板的凹槽中。通过这种方式，还安装了室内照明轨道以及蚊帐和床周围窗帘的连接轨道。
The girders and ring beam of the house are visible only in the upper face of the roof, which is lined with a pair of steel “U” profiles. They also fulfill the function of the roof attic. All facades oriented to endless views of the ocean are designed from frameless glass. The profiles of sliding and solid parts of the glass facades are recessed into the grooves in the concrete ceiling slab. In this way was also applied the installation of interior lighting rails and the connecting rail for the mosquito net and the curtains around the bed.
混凝土楼板上铺有防滑结构的水泥砂浆，每栋别墅的情况都不一样。其余的内墙，包括混凝土定制设计的实心家具，也是在水泥砂浆的表面，但这里是光滑的亚光处理。考虑到哥斯达黎加的气候和高湿度，我选择的材料尽可能的耐用。为了实现粘土 “夯土 “墙，我邀请了一位来自巴西的经验丰富的专家，Terra Compacta公司的老板，因为在哥斯达黎加没有人有这种建筑方法的经验。
The concrete floor slab is covered with a non-slip structured cement screed, which is different in each villa. The remaining interior walls including concrete custom-designed solid furniture, are also on the surface of cement screeds, but here in a smooth matte finish. I chose the materials as durable as possible considering the Costa Rican climate and high humidity. To realize the clay “Rammed Earth” walls I invited an experienced specialist from Brazil, the owner of Terra Compacta company because in Costa Rica no one had any experience with this construction method.
来自Terra Compact公司的Daniel Mantovani培训了几个当地的工匠，他们可以说是在哥斯达黎加实现夯土建筑的第一个地方。极简主义建筑也体现在室内，除了淋浴和厕所部分的大尺寸滑动板，没有门。它还用一面大镜子实现了衣架墙的功能。内饰的设备大多是定制的。厨房的桌子、水槽、书架、单人床头柜或长椅都是由混凝土制成。
Daniel Mantovani from Terra Compact trained several local craftsmen and together they can attribute their first place to realize Rammed Earth architecture in Costa Rica. Minimalist architecture is also reflected in interiors, where there is no door except for the large-format sliding panel in the section of the shower and toilet. It also fulfills the function of a hanger wall with a large mirror. The equipment of the interiors is mostly custom-made. The kitchen desk, sink, shelves, solitary bedside tables, or bench are made from concrete.
对于一些混凝土孤品，我从比利时设计工作室Bram Vander-Beke的作品中获得了灵感。这个工作室的创作与我非常接近。其他的家具、灯具、配件和艺术品都是精心挑选的，考虑到原创性，往往直接来自各大洲的设计师。
For some of the concrete solitaires, I was inspired by the work of the Belgian design studio Bram Vander-Beke. The creation of this studio is very close to me. Other furniture, luminaires, accessories, and art were carefully selected with regard to originality, often directly from designers across all continents.
Architects: Formafatal
Year : 2022
Photographs :BoysPlayNice
Manufacturers : Louis Poulsen, Artemide, INGO MAUREN
Lead Architect : Dagmar Štěpánová
Realization Of Screed Surfaces : Different Design, Pavel Trousil
Rammed Earth Walls : Terra Compacta, Daniel Mantovani
Statics : Ch. Vargas
Realization : Willy Jeferson Céspedes Vargas + local workers
City : Playa Hermosa
Country : Costa Rica