一个Priorat产区的葡萄种植者需要在Gratallops村的中心地带建立一个新的酒厂，以满足其产量的增加。我们面临的挑战是让酒厂本身为生物动力法酿酒过程做出贡献，努力在最大程度上优化基于被动原则的建筑行为。

A Priorat appellation vintner needed a new winery in the heart of a village, Gratallops, for his increased production. The challenge was to allow the winery itself to contribute to the biodynamic winemaking process, striving to optimize the building’s behavior based on passive principles to the greatest possible extent.

L形的多边形地块位于一个典型的历史村落的中心，除了教堂之外，都是狭窄的街道和排屋，由于其独特的特征和规模，教堂是该镇最主要的、决定性的建筑。

The L-shaped polygonal plot is in the heart of a typical historic village context, with narrow streets and row houses except for the church, the town’s most dominant, defining building due to its unique character and size.

该地块的边界是由一堵石墙标记的，这堵墙以前是手球结构，在某一点上升高了10米，它沿着一条不规则的线。这面墙的几何形状，是石头、砖和石膏渲染的混合体，是项目的起点。

The site boundary is marked by a stone wall, a former handball structure rising 10 meters at one point, which follows an irregular line. The geometry of this party wall, an amalgam of stone, brick, and plaster rendering, was the starting point for the project.

强制性的规划规定和建造尽可能大的展馆的愿望，导致了两个不同的区域的设计：一个是规则平面上的大体量，尽可能的宽和高，用于酿酒馆，其余的Z形区域–通道，展馆周围的空间被聚集和使用，像一条内巷一样沿着石墙的几何形状延伸，作为财产边界。这个空间是场地公共区域的延伸，是进入该区的主要入口，也是游客和品酒团体的流通和接待空间。

The compulsory planning regulations and a desire to build the largest possible pavilion led to the design of two differentiated zones: a large volume on a regular plan, as wide and high as possible, for the winemaking pavilion, and the remaining Z-shaped zone —the passage— where the spaces around the pavilion are gathered and employed, extending like an inner lane following the geometry of the stone wall which acts as a property boundary. This space, an extension of the site’s public zone, is the main entrance to the precinct, a circulation and reception space for visitors and wine tasting groups.

内部是一个三层楼高的大空间，葡萄酒发酵桶就在这里。这是项目的核心，是真正定义酒厂的空间。所有其他的空间都围绕着它进行衔接。它包含了大量的新鲜空气，被厚达1.75米的深墙隔离。该建筑由多层承重砖墙系统来冷却，在壁柱之间产生循环空气袋。这些大墙内的小房间是酒厂的补充活动。在底层，一系列像小教堂一样的空洞沿着墙体结构壁柱的节奏围绕中央空间的周边。它们在视觉上将建筑与通道连接起来，但同时也为酿酒车间的机器的操作和储存提供了便利。向上看，中殿是黑暗和密集的，而在底层，它扩大了，向通道的光线开放。这个通道是接待葡萄和游客的地方。在这里，有一个沿着缓坡进入酒窖的热过渡，这个缓坡通往建筑的内层，后方的道路也是如此，有几个台阶来解决高度差。

The interior is a big three-story high space where the wine fermentation vats are located. This is the heart of the project, the space that really defines the winery. All the other spaces are articulated around it. It contains a large volume of fresh air, insulated by deep walls, up to 1.75 m. thick. The building is cooled by a system of load-bearing brick walls with multiple layers set between pilasters, generating pockets of circulating air between the walls. Smaller rooms within these large walls house the winery’s complementary activities. On the ground floor, a series of chapel-like cavities follow the rhythm of the walls’ structural pilasters around the perimeter of the central space. They visually connect the building to the passage but also facilitate maneuvering and storage for the machinery in the winemaking cellar. Looking upwards, the nave is dark and dense, while on the ground floor, it expands, opening to the light in the passage. This passage is where both grapes and visitors are received. Here there is a thermal transition into the cellar along the gentle slope that leads into the inner level of the building and the roadway at the rear as well, with several steps to resolve the height difference.

这条部分是室外的路线，沿着不同高度的屋顶，与台阶之间形成宽阔的平台的板块相结合。雨水积聚在绿色屋顶上，直到它从一个屋顶溢出到另一个屋顶，在流经通道时越来越慢地下降，有助于清新空气和浇灌沿途的植物。这些石板不仅可以遮挡雨水，还可以避免阳光直射，为通道创造一个凉爽的氛围，就像一个梯田花园，可以安装一个户外酒馆，用于销售葡萄酒、品尝和小吃。

This partly outdoor route follows a succession of roofs with different heights, combined with slabs that form broad landings between the steps. Rainwater builds upon the green roofs until it spills over from one to the next, descending ever more slowly as it flows through the passage, helping to freshen the atmosphere and water the vegetation along the way. These slabs provide shelter from not only the rain but also from direct sunlight, creating a cool ambiance for the passage like a terraced garden where an outdoor tavern can be installed for wine sales, tastings, and snacks.

技术要求最高的空间–酒桶区和瓶装葡萄酒的储藏室–需要完全稳定的湿度和温度制度。出于这个原因，它们被放在地下室，与地面直接接触。然而，主要的挑战是酿造大厅，它的热要求同样苛刻，必须在不与地面接触的情况下满足。第一个策略是产生尽可能大的内部高度，以促进暖空气在顶部的分层，远离酒桶。第二，通过最大限度地提高建筑系统的惯性来帮助内部的水热稳定性。

The most technologically demanding spaces —the barrel zone and the storeroom for bottled wine— need perfectly stable moisture and temperature regime. For this reason, they are in the basement, in direct contact with the ground. The major challenge, however, is the vinification hall, with equally demanding thermal requirements that must be fulfilled without interaction with the ground. The first strategy is to generate the greatest possible interior height to facilitate the stratification of the warm air at the top, away from the barrels. Secondly, the hydrothermal stability of the interior is aided by maximizing the inertia of the building systems.

第三个生物气候学策略是屋顶，其中心部分是一个冷却装置，利用夜空的辐射来冷藏楼板。一个闭路水循环系统在两层之间运行：上层与室外环境接触，水在夜间被用作传热流体，以驱散室内的环境温度；下层与地板接触，将新鲜的东西转移到室内。馆内和宇宙的温度之间通过辐射进行的这种大规模交换是一种取之不尽的制冷源。

The third bioclimatic strategy is the roof, whose central part is a cooling device that employs radiation from the night sky to refrigerate the floor slab. A closed-circuit water cycling system runs between two levels: an upper level in contact with the outdoor environment, where water is used at night as a heat transfer fluid to dissipate the indoor ambient warmth, and a lower level in contact with the floor, where freshness is transferred to the interior. This large-scale exchange between the pavilion’s interior and the temperature of the universe through radiation is an inexhaustible refrigeration source.

街道的外墙用瓦片盖住，并覆盖了一层薄薄的石灰砂浆，这有助于使建筑在村庄中的背景，并将其外部的物质性与内部的通道明确区分。从外面看，该建筑有点乡土气息，但当人们进入这个走廊时，建筑系统变得解构，并慢慢解释了这个建筑群的性质。

The street facade is capped with tiles and clad with a thin layer of lime mortar which helps to contextualize the building in the village and to clearly differentiate its external materiality from the interior passage. Viewed from outside, the building has a somewhat vernacular presence, but as one enters this corridor, the building systems become deconstructed and slowly explains the nature of the complex.

Architects: HARQUITECTES
Area: 1117 m²
Year: 2019
Photographs: Jesús Granada, Adrià Goula
Structural Engineers: DSM arquitectes
Architects:David Lorente, Josep Ricart, Xavier Ros, Roger Tudó
Colaborators:Maya Torres, Berta Romeo, Víctor Nadales, Miquel Arias, Irene Puig, Xavier Mallorquí, Eva Millán
Facilities:Oriol Vidal
Rigger:Carles Bou
City:Gratallops
Country:Spain