“宇宙之家 “是一座小房子，位于墨西哥瓦哈卡州太平洋沿岸的埃斯孔迪多港附近。这座房子由三个主要元素组成。第一个元素是一个中心或硬核，用混凝土板和柱子建成，表面处理得很粗糙。它掩盖了屋顶下的可居住空间：一个缩小的方案，包括一间卧室、厨房-餐厅、客厅和浴室。它们中的每一个都占据了一个几乎完美的正方形平面图的一个象限。
Cosmos House is a small house placed nearby Puerto Escondido on the Pacific coast of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The house is composed of three main elements. The first element is a center or hard nucleus, built with concrete slabs and columns with a brutal finish. It shelters the habitable space under the roof: a reduced program that includes one bedroom, kitchen-dinning room, living, and bathroom. Each of them occupies a quadrant of an almost perfect squared floor plan.
第二个元素是一个由混凝土梁和柱子组成的外部网格，表面光滑。 它们与中央核心相连，允许整个房子的活动延伸到外部。 产生了天井、露台、周边循环和一个池塘。 这修改了居住在房子里的体验对真实尺寸的感知。第三个元素是屋顶，它的功能是向景观望去。 它有一面水镜，用于阅读夜晚围绕我们的星星、星座和宇宙。
The second element is an external grid made of concrete beams and columns with a smooth finish. They are connected to the central nucleus which allows the extension of activities of the whole house to the exterior. Generating patios, terraces, perimeter circulation, and a pond. This modifies the perception of the real dimension by the experience of inhabiting the house. The third element is the roof that functions as a lookout towards the landscape. It holds a water mirror for reading the stars, constellations, and the cosmos that surround us at night.
房屋通过机械木格子的表皮与景观有很强的关系，在不使用时也能保护房屋，在居住时将提供不同程度的隐私。 地基有四个具有承载能力的元素，它们提升了房屋，释放了房屋下的地形和地貌，使水流、空气、当地的植物群和动物群仍然可以穿越领土。 最后，外部的混凝土网格拥抱并纳入了现有的植被，使建筑和景观之间的点没有被定义，并随着季节、花期和居民对结构的使用而改变。
The house has a strong relationship with the landscape through a skin of a mechanical wooden lattice, which also protects the house when not in use and will provide different levels of privacy when inhabited. The foundation has four elements of carrying capacity that lift the house, freeing the terrain and topography under it, so that water flows, air, local flora, and fauna can still cross the territory. At last, the outer concrete grid embraces and incorporates the existing vegetation, making the points between architecture and landscape undefined and transformed by the seasons, blooming, and uses that the inhabitants will give to the structure.
建筑系统是基于20cm x 20cm的柱子和梁的网格，形成4.10m x 4.80m的内部空间和2.60m x 2.60m、2.60m x 4.10m和2.60m x 4.80m的外部空间。该房屋的主要设计理念之一是使用网状结构，以应对其在地震区的情况。 这样一来，它就能对来自任何方向的地震运动作出反应。同样地，材料的选择为房子提供了刚性、耐用性和低维护性。 木材的使用使空间感到温暖，并增加了临时性，因为它将随着时间的推移而改变。 这样看来，房子是一个与场地、植被、季节、星座和周围自然有关的转变过程。
The constructive system is based on a grid of columns and beams of 20cm x 20cm placed to form interior spaces of 4.10m x 4.80m and exterior ones of 2.60m x 2.60m, 2.60m x 4.10m, and 2.60m x 4.80 m. The result is a house of 78.7m2 interior and 100 m2 total counting the area covered by the exterior structure of the house. One of the main design ideas of the house is the use of the structure in a reticular form that could respond to its situation within a seismic area. This way it would answer after telluric movements coming from any direction. In the same way, the selection of materials provides rigidity, durability, and low maintenance to the house. The use of wood makes the space feel warm and adds temporality as it will change over time. Seen this way, the house is a process of transformation related to the site, its vegetation, seasons, constellations, and surrounding nature.
当地材料的使用，低维护，耐用性，以及对其使用的合理理解是设计的基础之一。 基本上，有两种材料来建造房屋。混凝土（墨西哥建筑高度使用的结构体系），为地震带提供结构阻力、高耐久性、经济和低维护。 木材（来自特有的树种macuil）在围墙、人的尺度以及房屋与周围环境的关系方面提供了灵活性，不仅通过视野，而且通过温度、声音和风。
The use of local materials, low maintenance, durability, and the rational understanding in its use is one of the bases of the design. Basically, there are two materials to build the house. Concrete (constructive system highly used by Mexican architecture) that provides structural resistance for the seismic zone, high durability, economy, and low maintenance. Wood (from the endemic tree macuil) offers flexibility on the enclosures, human scale, and the relationship of the house with its immediate surroundings, not only through the views but also through temperature, sound and wind.
所有用于房屋的水都由一个沙子和石头组成的蓄水池过滤。 倡导使用天然肥皂和洗发水，目的是保持水的无污染。 在雨季，屋顶上的水被一个单一的瀑布收集并重新定向。 我们的想法是将其储存起来，用于房屋外围花园的种植。
All the water derived for the usage of the house is filtered by a cistern of sand and stones. The use of natural soaps and shampoos are promoted with the aim to keep the water free of pollution. During the rainy season, the water from the roof is captured and redirected by a single waterfall. The idea is to store it and use it for the growing of the gardens in the outer perimeter of the house.
作为一个为远离城市的偏远地区设计的房子，利用当地现有资源是非常重要的。 不仅是物质资源，还有人力资源。 在房子的建造过程中，人的创造力是一个常态。 整个建筑团队是由当地的操作人员组成的。 他们通过对混凝土的不同用途进行不断的建设性试验而得到培训。 结构、墙壁、地板和其他饰面都是这样做的。 木制品是由当地工匠制作的，他们开发了木门和百叶窗的机械开启和移动。 这有助于当地工艺的发展，并丰富了建筑本身。 最终的结果来自于当地劳工和建筑师的合作。
As a house designed for a remote place far away from the city, the use of existing local resources was of great importance. Not only the material resources but the human ones. Human creativity was a constant during the building process of the house. The entire construction team was formed by local operators. They were trained through constant constructive trials of the different uses of concrete. Structure, walls, floors, and other finishes were made this way. The woodwork was made by local artisans who developed the mechanical opening and movement of the wooden doors and shutters. This contributes to the growth of local crafting and enriches architecture itself. The final result comes from the collaboration between local labor and architects.
Architects: S-AR
Area: 100 m²
Year: 2019
Photographs: Claudio Sodi, Camila Cossio
Manufacturers: AutoDesk, Cemex, La Reforma, Villacero
Lead Architects: César Guerrero, Ana Cecilia Garza
Colaborators:María Sevilla, Carlos Morales, Luis Fernando De la Garza
Constructor:José Ramírez
Civil Engineer:Fermín Pérez
Carpentry:Ubaldo Ríos
Blacksmith:Mario Ramírez
Interior Design:S-AR, Aránzazu de Ariño, Claudio Sodi
Landscape Design:S-AR, Aránzazu de Ariño, Claudio Sodi
Work Supervision:Patricio Sodi, Claudio Sodi, Aránzazu de Ariño
Engineering:CM Ingeniería
City:Puerto Escondido
Country:Mexico