轻装上阵，不多不少–这些是指导开发一个400平方英尺的双层公寓的首要原则，该公寓毗邻标志性的迪凯特岛小屋，由罗伯特-赫尔（Miller Hull的已故创始合伙人）于1986年设计。对该地自然条件的深深尊重推动了设计团队的所有决定。通过将封闭的体量提升到场地之上，建筑的体量放大了倾斜的地形，同时将对场地的干扰降到最低。地基被减少到六点负荷，刺破了自然景观。木质外骨架向邻近的小屋致敬，同时支持一个简单的内部空间 “套筒”。这些房间的安排对暴露和景观很敏感，允许双层房屋坐在小屋附近，同时保持隐私。
Light on the land and no more than necessary – these were the first principles that guided the development of a 400-square-foot bunkhouse adjacent to the iconic Decatur Island Cabin designed by Robert Hull, Miller Hull’s late founding partner, in 1986. A deep respect for the natural condition of the site drove all decisions made by the design team. By elevating the enclosed volume above the site, the building massing amplifies the sloping topography while minimizing site disturbance. Foundations were reduced to six-point loads puncturing the natural landscape. A timber exoskeleton pays homage to the neighboring cabin while supporting a simple “sleeve” of interior space. These rooms are arranged with sensitivity to exposure and views, allowing the bunkhouse to sit near the cabin while maintaining privacy.
陡峭的场地带来了巨大的挑战，包括无法用任何重型设备进入附近的建筑区域。一条狭窄的500英尺的小路穿过树林，连接到砾石路的尽头，所有的建筑材料都是手工搬运。建筑构件的尺寸是根据三人小组沿小路的操作能力来确定的。
The steep site presented significant challenges including the inability to access the immediate building area with any heavy equipment. A narrow 500-foot trail through the woods connects the end of a gravel road to the site, through which all construction materials were carried by hand. Building components were sized based on the ability of a three-person crew to maneuver them along the trail.
预算的限制导致了严格的施工时间，并消除了任何不必要的贸易。在施工的大部分时间里，小团队住在现场，以减少运输成本和与在偏远岛屿上的建筑有关的环境影响。设计团队接受了这些挑战，将其作为项目的决定性制约因素，使他们能够塑造一个简单而有力的干预。
Budget constraints drove a tight construction timeline and eliminated any unnecessary trades. The small crew lived onsite during a good portion of construction to reduce transportation costs and the environmental impact associated with building on a remote island. The design team embraced these challenges as the defining constraints of the project, allowing them to shape a simple yet potent intervention.
鉴于该地区有可再生和负责任的采伐的木材，大量使用木材作为结构、覆层和内部装饰是很直观的。所有的实木元素都来自FSC认证的森林，包括一些来自邻近的布莱克利岛的可持续管理的森林。与大量使用木材相关的碳封存使该项目大大抵消了用于制造其他材料如混凝土、钢材和绝缘材料的前期碳影响。
The extensive use of wood for structure, cladding, and interior finishes was intuitive given the region’s availability of renewable and responsibly harvested timber. All solid timber elements were sourced from FSC-certified forests including some from a sustainably managed forest on neighboring Blakely Island. The carbon sequestration associated with the extensive use of wood allows the project to vastly offset the upfront embodied carbon impact used to manufacture other materials like concrete, steel, and insulation.
在建筑产品的制造和运输过程中，温室气体的排放与封存的平衡，大致相当于让两辆乘用车停在路上一年的时间。当考虑到所有建筑部件（地基、结构、外部和内部装饰）的全球变暖潜力，计算到结构寿命结束时，该项目预计将排放约50公斤二氧化碳/平方米–对于米勒-赫尔项目来说，这几乎是一个最低纪录。
The balance of greenhouse gas emissions to sequestration during building product manufacturing and transport is roughly equivalent to taking 2 passenger vehicles off the road for 1 year. When considering the global warming potential of all building components (foundations, structure, exterior, and interior finishes) calculated through the end of life of the structure, the project is projected to emit around 50 kgCO2e/m2 – a near-record low for Miller Hull projects.
为了取代高科技的可持续发展措施，该项目通过精心选址和定位，通过被动方式减少能源消耗。南面和西面的屋顶悬垂被调整以减少太阳辐射，而北面的夹层窗则将光线引入浴室和书房。可操作的夹层窗有助于自然通风，并允许双层公寓在夏季利用陆上的微风。
In lieu of high-tech sustainability measures, the project works with careful siting and orientation, reducing energy consumption through passive means. Roof overhangs on the south and west are tuned to mitigate solar heat gains while the northern clerestory welcomes so light into the bathroom and study. Operable clerestory windows assist in natural ventilation and allow the Bunkhouse to take advantage of onshore breezes in the summer months.
Architects: Miller Hull Partnership
Area: 400 ft²
Year: 2019
Photographs: Juan Benavides
Manufacturers: Quantum Windows & Doors, Sun Valley Bronze, Blakely Island Timber, Quantum Windows, Watermark Elements
Structural Engineering Company:Swenson Say Faget
General Contractor :Kaplan Homes Unlimited
Geotechnical Consulting:Aspect Consulting
Country:United States