Guildford 火葬场，英国， Haverstock

新建火葬场的设计是与吉尔福德区政府和设计团队密切合作进行的。该项目涉及到为现有的火葬场创建一个合适的替代物，该火葬场已处于其自然寿命的尽头，几乎没有调整的余地。

The new build crematorium was designed in close collaboration with Guildford Borough Council and the design team. The project involved creating a suitable replacement for an existing crematorium which was at the end of its natural life with little scope for adaption.

作为一个成熟的场地，有几个限制因素，包括埋葬的骨灰、纪念树、1902年火葬场法案规定的建筑边界线，以及场地边界内的一个上市建筑。此外，客户希望在整个施工过程中继续运营该场地，这导致了复杂的分阶段战略和临时的教堂/殡仪馆安排。

As an established site, there were several constraints, including the presence of interred ashes, memorial trees, and building boundary lines as set by the Crematorium Act 1902 as well as a listed building set within the site’s boundary. In addition, the client wished to continue the operation of the site throughout construction, leading to a complex phasing strategy and a temporary chapel/crematory arrangement.

为了完成任务，我们与客户、设计团队和承包商共同制定了分阶段计划。该战略从建造一个新的工具库开始，同时也是一个蝙蝠保护区，随后是停车场工程、临时教堂和火葬场。在进行这些工程的同时，开始建造纪念法庭，在完成后，项目继续进行主建筑的拆除和建造。

Phasing was developed hand in glove with the client, design team, and contractor in order to deliver the brief. The strategy began with discrete enabling works to construct a new tool store doubling as a bat sanctuary, followed by car park works, a temporary chapel, and a crematory. In parallel to these works, the construction of the remembrance court began and on completion, the project progressed with the demolition and construction of the main building.

建筑和景观的概念都受到了现有场地的访客范围的影响。哀悼者的旅程是设计反应的基础。该项目还迎合了那些经历其他悲伤阶段的人，包括服务的安排、观看棺材交付的可能性、仪式后的骨灰收集，以及返回现场参观纪念馆。

The concept for both building and landscape was influenced by the range of visitors to the existing site. The journey of mourners was fundamental to the design response. The project also caters to those experiencing other stages of grief, including the arrangement of service, the potential to view the committal of the coffin, the collection of ashes following the ceremony, and return to the site to visit memorials.

利用围墙花园的类型学，砖石墙对那些从纪念馆花园观看建筑的人来说，遮蔽了内部和外部空间。在这道折叠墙的顶部，一条混凝土带设置了一个坚实而连续的基准点，从那里跳出两个几何体。这两个体量由木材和锌板构成，宣布了建筑的两个主要用途–礼拜堂和火葬场。

Using the walled garden typology, masonry walls obscure internal and external spaces to those viewing the building from the memorial gardens. Atop of this folding wall, a concrete band sets a solid and continuous datum, from which spring two geometric volumes. The volumes, constructed of timber and clad in zinc, announce the two key uses of the building – chapel and crematory.

在小教堂内，院子里的景观得到了强调和保留。裸露的胶合木屋顶结构提供了干净、实用的装饰，并通过一个高层夹层窗户提供额外的自然光。它的形式与宗教类型相呼应，同时对世俗用途保持敏感和考虑。礼拜堂外部的两面几何形状是由游客步行和送行的到达路线驱动的。

Within the chapel, views of the courtyard landscape are accentuated and retained. An exposed engineered glulam timber roof structure provides clean, functional decoration with additional natural light provided by a high-level clerestory window. Its form echoes religious typologies while maintaining sensitivity and consideration for secular use. The external two-sided geometry of the chapel form is driven by the arrival routes of visitors to the site by foot and by cortege.

棺材位于小教堂内，在一个较低的顶棚下，提供了亲密的感觉，被垂直的橡木板包覆的温暖。这一特点被延伸到教堂大厅、办公室接待区和外部雨棚。

The catafalque and coffin sit within the chapel, under a lower canopy to provide intimacy, wrapped in the warmth of vertical oak board cladding. This feature is extended into the chapel lobby, office reception area, and external canopies.

火葬场常见的复杂情况发生在一天中例行的服务开始和结束。为了减少交叉的风险，在最好的情况下会导致混乱，在最坏的情况下会导致困扰，吉尔福德的建筑项目元素已经从主建筑中分离出来，形成一个纪念法庭。其目的是为了巧妙地设计反思、孤独和记忆的空间。

Common complications of crematoria brief occur as services begin and end routinely throughout the day. In order to reduce the risk of crossover, which leads to confusion at best, and distress at worst, elements of the building program at Guildford have been separated from the main building to form a Remembrance Court. The ambition is to tactfully design space for reflection, solitude, and memory.

吉尔福德市议会是新设施的运营商，它以1000万英镑的预算自行交付了这个项目。

Guildford Borough Council is the operator of the new facility, which self-delivered the project with a budget of £10m.