该项目位于东京国家体育场附近的仙台谷，是一个商业和住宅混合区，由两层的租户空间和客户的住宅组成。由于前街狭窄，最大容积率只有160%，项目的主要挑战是如何同时容纳舒适的住宅环境和足够盈利的租户空间，同时在场地限制下实现空间体积的最大化。客户是一个五口之家，以前住在一个宽敞的带花园的独立屋里，他们对新房子的空间质量有顾虑，因为在密集的社区里面积较小。因此，尽管有困难的场地限制，我们还是试图通过积极融入户外空间，使其尽可能地开放和慷慨。

Located in a mixed area with commercial and residential uses in Sendagaya near the National Stadium in Tokyo, this project is composed of two stories of tenant spaces and the client’s residence above them. With only 160% of the maximum floor area ratio due to the narrow front street, the main challenge of the project is how to accommodate both comfortable residential environments and sufficiently profitable tenant spaces together, while maximizing spatial volume within the site constraints. The client, a family of five who used to live in an ample detached house with a garden had concerns about the spatial quality of their new house with less area in the denser neighborhood. Thus, we tried to make it as open and generous as possible by actively incorporating outdoor spaces, despite the difficult site constraints.

尽管容积率允许较低，但只有在体量适应复杂的阴影计算的情况下，这个地点的最大建筑高度确实被允许为20米，尽管附近的大多数建筑都保持在10米以下，以避免额外的规范遵守过程。虽然这个街区的街道上住宅相对密集，但我们发现潜在的开放空隙可以在周围的低矮建筑之上创造舒适的环境。因此，北侧较高的建筑体量是我们对影子参数进行全面研究的结果，使复式住宅高于邻近的屋顶，同时最大限度地提高建筑体量，通过多层次的丰富的屋顶露台为住宅周围提供开放的视野。

Despite the low floor area ratio allowance, the maximum building height at this site is indeed allowed to be 20m only if the volume is adapted to the complicated shadow calculation, although most of the buildings nearby are kept lower than 10m to avoid extra code compliance processes. While this neighborhood is relatively dense on the street level for residential use, we found potential open voids to create comfortable environments above the surrounding low buildings. Therefore, the building massing taller on the northern side is a result of our thorough volume studies with shadow parameters to elevate the duplex residence higher than neighboring roofs while maximizing the building volume, which provides open views all around the residence with multiple levels of abundant roof terraces.

楼板的形状根据阴影调节、用途、空间序列和垂直关系在每一层都有独特的倾斜。这种不同楼板的堆叠产生了遮阳悬挑和各种户外空间，如外部走廊和露台，而不影响总建筑面积的限制。除了沿场地边界的封闭式建筑立面容纳主要的承重墙外，铰接的深层混凝土梁使沿露台的立面结构变得开放和透明，鼓励内部和外部的融合。

The floorplate shapes are uniquely skewed at each level according to the shadow regulation, usages, spatial sequences, and vertical relationships. This stack of different floorplates generates shading overhangs and various outdoor spaces such as external hallways and terraces without interrupting GFA limitations. Besides the closed building facade along the site boundary accommodating main loadbearing walls, the articulated deep concrete beams allow the façade structure along the terraces to be open and transparent encouraging inside and outside to merge.

最近通过防火认证的大型木质窗墙提供了开放和明亮的内部空间，这与包括该地块在内的大多数密集城区所要求的典型防火建筑不同。建筑周围的空隙与分布在每个露台上的茂密植被形成了一个层层叠叠的垂直花园，就像一个从底层庭院向天空延伸的峡谷。

Large timber window walls recently certificated for fire resistance deliver open and bright interior spaces, unlike typical fireproof buildings required in most of the dense urban areas including this site. The void space around the building with distributed lush vegetations at each terrace forms a cascade of sequential vertical gardens like a canyon stretching from the bottom courtyard towards the sky.

由此产生的约半层楼高的结构深度作为每层楼之间的服务层，为下面和上面的楼层提供基础设施支持，如机械空间、阁楼存储、阁楼、地板下存储、种植坑等，这使得主要空间更加开放和灵活。板块体量周围的线性立面由金属带包裹，带有重复的垂直板条如百叶窗，其设计来自对规范要求的积极解释，迫使垂直板条设计到屋顶栏杆，以符合阴影规定。连续的垂直百叶窗除了增强楼层的水平度外，还允许在对垂直方向的视野开放和对角线视野的隐私之间进行相互作用。

The resulting structural depth about half a storey deep functions as servant layers between each floor, providing infrastructural supports to the floor below and above such as mechanical space, attic storage, loft, underfloor storage, planting pit, etc., which allows the main spaces to be more open and flexible. The linear facades around the slab volumes are wrapped by the metal bands with repetitive vertical slats like louvers, which are designed from the positive interpretation of the code requirements forcing vertical slats design to rooftop balustrade to conform to the shadow regulation. The continuous vertical louvers allow for interplay between openness to the perpendicular views and privacy from the diagonal views besides enhancement of horizontality of the floor layers.

在建筑的顶层，复式住宅的入口层容纳了高大宽敞的单间，客厅和厨房都有夹层窗。在下面的楼层，被书架包围的三角形大厅固定着四间卧室和浴室。通过每层楼的可完全打开的推拉窗，客厅和大厅都能够向宽敞的种植露台延伸，成为生活空间的一部分。当带有书房角落的宽大楼梯将客厅和大厅公开连接起来，形成一个连续的空间带时，两个露台也通过被丰富植被包围的室外楼梯连接起来。

On the top floor of the building, the entrance level of the duplex residence accommodates the tall and generous single room with clerestory windows for the living room and kitchen. On the floor below, the triangular hall surrounded by the bookshelves anchor four bedrooms and bathrooms. Through the fully openable sliding windows on each floor, both the living room and the hall are enabled to extend towards the generous planted terraces to become a part of living spaces. While the generous stairway with the study corner connects the living room and the hall openly to create a continuous spatial strip, two terraces are also connected through the outdoor stairway surrounded by abundant vegetation.

在起居室的夹层窗外，另一个屋顶露台螺旋式上升到人工草皮覆盖的宽阔斜坡上，这是一个几乎漂浮在空中的专属游乐场。因此，内部和外部的空间连续性贯穿整个复式楼和三层的露台，这形成了一种生活空间的 “三维循环”。各种案例和植被沿着这个生活空间环线的外围分布，创造出不同的场所特征。除了欢快的孩子们的奔跑，光线、空气、景观以及所有的生命和自然的流动都在内部和外部无缝循环。

Beyond the clerestory window of the living room, another roof terrace spirals up to the wide slope covered by the artificial turf, an exclusive playground almost floating over the sky. As a result, a spatial continuum of inside and outside runs throughout the duplex and three levels of the terraces, which forms a sort of a ‘three-dimensional loop’ of the living spaces. Various casework and vegetation are distributed along the periphery of this living space loop, creating different characters of the places. Besides joyful kids running around, light, air, view, and all the flow of life and nature circulate seamlessly throughout inside and outside.

通过对条件和限制的精心分析和研究，我们相信，被发现的场地潜力被很好地整合到这个项目特有的建筑存在中。它的外观看起来像一座矗立在城市结构中的堡垒，以及隐藏在郁郁葱葱的大自然中的丘陵绿洲。这个项目旨在建议在城市背景下的混合用途开发和生活空间的方法，同时我们纯粹追求那种丰富和愉快的生活空间，我们几乎会感到羡慕在那里长大的孩子。我们希望客户能在东京天际线的环绕下享受他们的新生活。

Through the elaborate analysis and studies of the conditions and the limitations, we believe that the discovered potential of the site was well integrated into the distinctive architectural presence specific to this project. Its appearance looks like a fortress standing up in the urban fabric and hilly oasis with lush nature hidden behind. This project is intended to suggest one way of the approach towards mixed-use development and living spaces in the urban context, at the same time we purely pursued the sort of abundant and enjoyable living spaces where we would almost feel envy the kids growing up there. We hope for the client to enjoy their new life surrounded by the Tokyo skyline.

Architects : KOMPAS
Area : 448 m²
Year : 2021
Photographs :Vincent Hecht
Structure : HSC
MEP Consultants : ZO Consulting Engineers
Landscape Design : Onshitsu
Contractors : O’hara Architectural and Construction Ltd.
Architects : KOMPAS, Mai Komuro, Hidenori Sakai
City : Shibuya City
Country : Japan