玛丽皇后住宅是一个位于蒙特利尔汉普斯特德区的历史住宅的后部扩建项目。该项目涉及对建于1927年的都铎式住宅进行改造，以使其更适合一个大家庭的需要。
Queen Mary Residence is a rear extension project of a historic home in Montreal’s Hampstead district. The project involved the renovation of a Tudor-style home, built in 1927, to render it more suitable to the needs of a large family.
在一个旨在保护该区历史品质的非常严格的监管框架内，Atelier Barda接受了在历史主义和有目的的使用之间取得微妙平衡的挑战。现有住宅内部的公共空间，虽然曾经很适合它的时代和外部环境，但却很小，而且过度隔断，从而限制了开放的活动，并限制了自然光的渗透。此外，现有的配置也不能满足家庭所需的卧室数量。
Within the context of a very restrictive regulatory framework designed to preserve the district’s historic qualities, Atelier Barda embraced the challenge of striking a delicate balance between historicism and purposeful use. The common spaces of the existing home’s interior, while once well-suited to its era and its external surroundings, were small and overly-partitioned, thus restricting open movement and limiting penetration of natural light. Additionally, the existing configuration fell short of accommodating the number of bedrooms required by the family.
“该社区的特点是以各种传统建筑风格建造的房屋，”建筑师解释说。”它位于一个没有工业和商业设施的住宅区，并远离蒙特利尔市中心的高密度地区”。
“The neighborhood is characterized by homes that were built in a variety of traditional architectural styles,” explain the architects. “It is located in a residential area that is devoid of industrial and commercial installations, and removed from the high-density of Montreal’s downtown core.”
从过去过渡到现在。Atelier Barda提出了一个概念，保留住宅的历史特征，但又从历史元素向住宅和居民之间更亲密的关系进行新的过渡。该社区住宅的原始设计集中在建筑环境的正面，很少强调房产后部的发展潜力。根据这一意图，Atelier Barda尊重并保留了前立面的设计原则，只做了一些小的改动，包括更换窗户和翻新柱子。
Transitioning from the past. Atelier Barda proposed a concept to preserve the historic character of the home, yet with a new transition from historic elements to a more intimate relationship between the home and its inhabitants. The original design of homes in the neighbourhood focused on the front façades of the built environment, with very little emphasis placed on the developmental potential of the rear areas of the properties. In keeping with that intention, Atelier Barda respected and preserved the design principles of the front façade, making only minor changes including window replacements and refurbished columns.
“这些住宅的后院在历史上一直扮演着比前院和外墙更次要的角色，”建筑师们指出。”从某种意义上说，我们对这个项目的做法是对这种言论的批判。”
“The backyards of these homes have historically played a secondary role to their front yards and façades,” note the architects. “In a sense, our approach to this project is a critique of that rhetoric.”
在幕后工作。Atelier Barda的方法在很大程度上依赖于复杂的建筑技术，以创造一个面向后方的镜子般的附加物。附着在房屋的后部，加建部分在东侧被切割成一定的角度，以保持正面建筑的完整性，并确保其典型的倾斜屋顶的视觉连续性。新结构的北侧也是同样的倾斜，以减少阴影并最大限度地增加后院的阳光。
Working behind the scenes. Atelier Barda’s approach relied heavily on intricate architectural techniques to create a mirror-like addition facing the rear. Attached to the rear of the home, the addition was angularly cut on the east side in order to preserve the architectural integrity of the front façade, and to ensure the visual continuance of its archetypal sloped roof. The north side of the new structure was similarly sloped to reduce shadows and to maximize sunlight in the rear yard.
通过在前立面的视线后面工作，城市的监管框架更加宽松，Atelier Barda在材料的选择上获得了更大的自由。该公司选择了高贵和功能性的定制铜板作为后部扩建的屋顶，而不是现有结构的传统沥青瓦片。在铜制屋顶的下面，设计团队采用了烧焦的木质包层，为其提供了一个天然的保护层，以抵御外界的影响。
By working behind the sightlines of the front façade, where the city’s regulatory framework is more permissive, Atelier Barda was granted greater freedom in their choice of materials. The firm opted for the nobility and functionality of custom-cut copper panelling for the rear extension’s roof, as opposed to the traditional asphalt shingles of the existing structure. Below the copper roofing, the design team applied burnt wood cladding, providing a natural protective layer against the elements.
平整的竞争环境。为了使全面的设计计划能够让客户负责该物业后部大部分未被开发的地方，Atelier Barda需要解决该物业的景观问题，包括一个有问题的排水问题。为了努力创造一个与后院和住宅底层更直接和亲密的联系，团队选择了一个景观反坡，从新建的露台无缝过渡到花园区域。新的露台位于住宅的东侧，位于新建的车库顶部，三面都是半封闭的，一个面向后方的开口将注意力集中到景观坡和后花园区域。
Leveling the playing field. In order for the comprehensive design plan to empower the client to take charge of the largely underexploited rear of the property, Atelier Barda needed to address the property’s landscaping, including a problematic drainage issue. In endeavouring to create a more direct and intimate connection with the rear yard and the home’s elevated ground floor, the team opted for a landscaped counter slope that seamlessly transitions from a newly-built terrace to the garden area. Located on the east side of the home, the new terrace sits on top of a newly created garage, and is semi-enclosed on three sides, with a rear-oriented opening focusing attention towards the landscaped slope and rear garden area.
现代的过渡。新设计的扩建部分的内部着重于对比的流动，反映了住宅的历史魅力和家庭的时间和生活的进展。原有的设计元素和用祖传家具布置的房间有意与360平方英尺的扩建部分的现代氛围形成对比，象征性地体现了该住宅居民的个人成长。家里的厨房和用餐区被移植到新的扩建部分，形成了一个非常现代的开放空间，其亮点是抛光的水磨石风格的混凝土地板、白墙和高天花板。自然光照亮了整个房间，通过宽大的开口以及新创建的天窗注入空间。
Contemporary transitions. The internal portion of the newly designed extension focused on a flow of contrasts, reflecting the historic charm of the home and a progression of time and life for the family. Original design elements and rooms appointed with ancestral furnishings intentionally contrast with the modern ambiance of the 360 sq. ft. extension, symbolically embodying the personal growth of the home’s inhabitants. The home’s kitchen and dining area were transplanted to the new extension, resulting in a very contemporary, open space that is highlighted by polished, terrazzo-style concrete floors, white walls, and high ceilings. Natural light brightens the room, infused into the space through expansive openings, as well as through the newly created skylight.
“建筑师总结说：”该项目尊重了住宅的历史本质和魅力，但为家庭提供了一个更有利于现在的氛围。”它囊括了两个世界的精华，住宅的后部现在有了新的用途，成为一个现代的休闲空间，可以看到花园的景色。
“The project respects the historic essence and cachet of the home, but provides the family with an ambiance more conducive to the present,” concluded the architects. “It embraces the best of both worlds, with the rear of the home now having renewed purpose as a modern, casual space with garden views.”
Architects: Atelier Barda architecture
Area: 121 m²
Year: 2019
Photographs: François Olivier-Gouriou, Maxime Desbiens
City：HAMPSTEAD
Country：Canada