由于2017年9月19日的地震,震中在普埃布拉州的圣费利佩-阿尤特拉,该国中部的城市和城镇受到严重影响。仅普埃布拉州就有200多所公立学校严重受损,其中大部分是农村学校。
事件发生几个月后,我们收到了来自IENOVA和GDI公司的邀请,邀请我们为Santa Isabel Cholula和San Martín Tlamapa社区的农村小学进行设计,那里的学校被毁。这些公司是这两个项目的捐助者。

As a result of the earthquake of September 19th in 2017, with the epicentre in San Felipe Ayutla Puebla, cities and towns in the center of the country were seriously affected. Only in the state of Puebla more than 200 public schools were severely damaged, most of them rural.
A couple of months after the event, we received an invitation from the IENOVA and GDI companies to design the rural primary schools of the communities of Santa Isabel Cholula and San Martín Tlamapa, where the schools had been destroyed. These companies were donors of both projects.

该项目和施工需要在很短的时间内完成,因此决定采用工业模块化系统进行设计。采用镀锌钢结构作为骨架,模块面积为3×3×3米,可以抵抗大震级的地震,所有空间都可以使用,包括流通要素。它能适应两地不同的方案、几何和地形条件,在新的项目中也是可以复制的。在墙体上,采用了预制的轻质GRC混凝土板,以加快和方便装配,具有门窗的互换系统。外侧的屋顶采用镀锌钢板,屋顶顶峰采用夹层玻璃,白天为空间的正常运行提供必要的光照。内部采用木板和隔热发泡PVC,提供温暖明亮的氛围。
与场地的关系、方向、盛行风、景观、视觉、植被、地形和地形的几何形状,是设计的基本方面。通过宽阔的走廊从外部空间过渡到内部空间,这些走廊的功能是作为项目的门廊。内部空间在物理上和视觉上都与儿童的规模有关,花园和庭院将建筑交织在一起。

The project and construction needed to be carried out in a very short time, which led to the decision to design it with industrial modular systems. A galvanized steel structure is used as a skeleton, with a module of 3 x 3 x 3 meters, resistant to earthquakes of large magnitudes and usable for all the spaces, including circulation elements. It is adaptable to the different programmatic, geometric and topographic conditions of both sites and is replicable for new projects as well. In the walls, prefabricated lightweight GRC concrete panels were used to speed up and facilitate the assembly, having an interchangeable system for doors and windows. The roofs on the outside are of galvanized steel sheets and laminated glass in the peak of the roof, providing the necessary light for the proper functioning of the spaces during the day. The inside is of wood panels and thermally insulated foamed PVC, providing a warm and bright atmosphere.
The relationship with the site, the orientation, the prevailing winds, the landscapes, the visuals, the vegetation, the topography and geometry of the terrains, were fundamental aspects of the design. There is a transition from the exterior to the interior spaces through wide corridors that function as porches articulating the project. The interior spaces are physically and visually related to the scale of the children, with gardens and courtyards that weave the buildings together.

进行了生物气候研究,使空间在大部分时间和全年都很舒适。材料的选择、空间内自然交叉通风的被动式系统的建议、天窗和侧窗照明的建议,都是从这些研究中得出的,以最大限度地减少白天电能的使用。在这两所学校中,落在屋顶上的雨水都被回收了。

Bioclimatic studies were carried out to make the spaces comfortable during the majority of the time and throughout the year. The choice of materials, the proposal of a passive system of natural cross ventilation in the spaces, skylight and lateral window lighting minimizing the use of electrical energy during the day, were all derived from these studies. In both schools, the rainwater that falls on the roofs is recovered.

JOSÉ MARIA MORLEOS小学
新学校位于圣伊莎贝尔-乔卢拉市政府所在地,新学校建在与前一所学校相同的土地上,利用受影响建筑的痕迹对新建筑进行调整,并将现有球场的轴线作为整个项目的组成轴线之一。西北方向有利于交叉通风。
由于周围没有相关的景观,教室围绕一个大的中心庭院布置,由图书馆衔接,形成项目的核心。
服务设施建筑被平行布置在现有的球场和通道庭院之间,以减少球场屋顶在穿行体验中的存在。
保留下来的建筑被改造成多种用途,包括行政和计算机室。

PRIMARY SCHOOL JOSÉ MARIA MORLEOS
Located in the municipal seat of Santa Isabel Cholula, the new school was built on the same property as the previous one, aligning the new buildings using the trace of the buildings that were affected, and using the axis of the existing court as one of the compositional axes of the whole project. The north-west orientation favours the cross ventilation.
Because of not having relevant views in the surroundings, the classrooms were arranged around a large central courtyard, articulated by the library to create the heart of the project.
The service facility building was arranged parallelly between the existing court and the access courtyard in order to lessen the presence of the court roof in the walkthrough experience.
The buildings that remained standing were adapted for multiple uses, the administration and the computer rooms.

MIGUEL NEGRETE初等学校。
该项目位于圣伊莎贝尔-乔卢拉市的圣马丁-特拉马帕镇,是在一个新的小学所在地建造的。
这种情况有利于利用该地区特色农业景观的景观优势。

PRIMARY SCHOOL MIGUEL NEGRETE
Located in the town of San Martin Tlamapa, belonging to the municipality of Santa Isabel Cholula, the project was built on a site destined for a new primary school.
This circumstance favoured the location by taking advantage of the view towards the characteristic agricultural landscape of the region.

建筑物纵向指向东北方向,以利于欣赏风景。教室由两个模块组成,并由花园分隔,因此所有教室都能看到花园。
行政和服务大楼位于整个地形的宽度上,将地形划分为三个公共区域:入口庭院、市民广场和足球场。

The building is placed longitudinally pointing to the northeast to favour the views of the landscape. The classrooms are grouped in blocks of two modules and these are separated by gardens so that all the classrooms have views towards them.
The administrative and service buildings are located across the width of the terrain to section the terrain in three common areas: the access courtyard, the civic square and the soccer field.

建筑师:Escobedo Soliz, Gutiérrez Arquitectos
面积:2380平方米
年份:2018年
摄影师:Arturo Arrieta
制造商:Saint-Gobain, Acerored, Durezza, Inoxiline, Jazza
项目组:Maximiliano Animas Rueda, Daniel Aguado, Mario Espinosa, Martín Gutiérrez Córdoba, Alberto Caldelón
客户:SEP Puebla
捐助方:IENOVA、GDI
建设者:GDI
钢结构:JAZA
预制板:DUREZZA
给排水项目:Sistemas Pluviales S.A de C.V
结构性项目:Ramón Abud
电气项目 : Ricardo Lepe
景观项目:Fritz Sigg
José María Morleos小学:1,144平方米的建筑;252平方米的改建
Miguel Negrete中学:984平方米的建筑
建筑项目:Gutierrez Arquitectos + Escobedo Soliz
建筑师:Martín Gutiérrez, Pavel Escobedo, Andrés Soliz
国家:墨西哥
Architects: Escobedo Soliz, Gutiérrez Arquitectos
Area: 2380 m²
Year: 2018
Photographs:Arturo Arrieta
Manufacturers: Saint-Gobain, Acerored, Durezza, Inoxiline, Jazza
Project Team:Maximiliano Animas Rueda, Daniel Aguado, Mario Espinosa, Martín Gutiérrez Córdoba, Alberto Caldelón
Client:SEP Puebla
Donators:IENOVA, GDI
Builder:GDI
Steel Structure:JAZA
Prefabricated Panels:DUREZZA
Water Usage Project:Sistemas Pluviales S.A de C.V
Structural Project:Ramón Abud
Electrical Project:Ricardo Lepe
Landscape Project:Fritz Sigg
Primary School José María Morleos:1,144m2 construcción; 252m2 remodelación
Primary School Miguel Negrete:984m2 construcción
Architectural Project:Gutierrez Arquitectos + Escobedo Soliz
Architects:Martín Gutiérrez, Pavel Escobedo, Andrés Soliz
Country:Mexico