带庭院的房子
许多人，包括筱原和夫和我这一代的建筑师，都做过包含花园的房子，但对我来说，最令人印象深刻的例子是我在大学时参观的一个熟人的工作室兼住所。房子的地板被简单地夯实了，没有使用任何硬化化学品或特殊技术。由于桌子腿周围长出了草，你可以把喝剩的茶洒在地上。这种设计使人很难决定花园的终点和室内的起点。自从那次经历后，我经常想，我想创造一个室内和室外交融的轻松空间。

A House with a Courtyard
Many people, including Kazuo Shinohara and architects of my generation, have made houses that contain gardens, but to me the most impressive example was an acquaintance’s studio-cum-residence that I visited when I was in university. The floor of the house had simply been tamped down without using any hardening chemicals or special techniques. As grass grew up around the table legs, you could sprinkle your leftover tea on the ground. The design made it difficult to decide where the garden ended and the interior began. Since that experience, I have often thought about that I would like to create a relaxed space in which interior and exterior intermingle.

在这个项目中，House in Tsukimiyama的客户希望有这样一种生活方式，即包含客厅和其他房间的主楼将通过一个覆盖着油布的院子与一个附属风格的浴室相连。然而，由于该门有必要作为消防通道使用，因此对于可使用的玻璃的尺寸和类型有法律限制。问题是，通过这扇门连接的花园和附属建筑是否会显得统一。为了应对这种情况，我采取了大胆的行动，将花园纳入到房子里，做成一个庭院。在庭院和起居室之间，我们使用了一扇单层玻璃门和轻型木制配件，而在浴室的附属建筑中，我们用帘子把它隔成了庭院的一部分。

The client in this project, House in Tsukimiyama, was hoping for a lifestyle in which a main building, containing the living room and other rooms, would be linked to an annex-style bathroom by a tarp-covered courtyard. However, as it was necessary for the door to function as a fire exit, there were legal limitations regarding the size and type of glass that could be used. The question was whether the garden and the annex, connected via the door, would then seem unified. To deal with this situation, I took the bold move of incorporating the garden into the house and making a courtyard. Between the courtyard and the living room, we used a door with single-pane of glass and light wooden fittings, and in the bathroom annex, we used a curtain to partition it off as a section of the courtyard.

院子里的铝合金窗门可以随时打开，让新鲜空气从外面进来。创造一个与外界空气的持续联系，使得尽管有巨大的顶灯，也能避免闷热的暖房式气氛。院子上方安装了一个压力通风器，使其能够快速通风。

The aluminum-sash door in the courtyard can be opened at any time to let fresh air in from the outside. Creating a constant link to the outside air made it possible to avoid a stuffy hothouse-type atmosphere despite the huge top light. A pressure ventilator is installed above the courtyard, allowing it to be quickly ventilated.

通过在L型场地上分布矩形平面，我们将居住空间定位在外院和内院之间，外院具有被邻近建筑包围的内院的特征。创造一个内部花园的想法，根据家具的不同，可以在内部或外部，是我为伊丹的房子做的阳台的延伸，它有类似的特点。

By distributing the rectangular planes on the L-shaped site, we positioned the living space between the outer courtyard, which has the character of an inner courtyard surrounded by neighboring buildings, and the Inner garden. The idea of creating an inner garden that could be inside or outside depending on the furniture, is an extension of the verandah I made for House in Itami, which has a similar character.

Tsukimiyama项目清楚地表明了城市花园的潜力有多大。城市地区的外部环境往往缺乏阴凉和适当的通风，而且因为它也容易成为蚊子和其他害虫的栖息地，所以很难在花园里度过舒适的时光。但是通过使用屏风来过滤掉昆虫，庭院就变成了一个舒适的地方。此外，庭院在一定程度上对环境开放而不损害隐私，这一事实使它成为城市住宅中内部和外部之间的重要接口，而城市住宅往往是相当封闭的。院子也作为一个重要的中间空间，在室内气候和交流方面发挥着作用。

The Tsukimiyama project made it clear how much potential there is for urban gardens. The external environment in an urban area often lacks shade and proper ventilation, and because it is also prone to be a habitat for mosquitoes and other pests, it is difficult to spend a comfortable time in the garden. But by using a screen to filter out the insects, the courtyard becomes a comfortable place. Moreover, the fact that a courtyard is to a certain extent open to the environment without impairing privacy, makes it an important interface between the inside and outside in an urban house, which tends to be rather closed. The courtyard also functions as an important intermediate space, both in terms of the indoor climate and communication.

Architects: Tato Architects
Area: 69 m²
Year: 2015
Photographs: Shinkenchiku Sha
Construction: Vico Office
Structural Design:Takashi Manda
Structure Team:Takashi Manda, Taijiro Kato
Construction Team:Kyoko Sakai
Total Cost:23,500,000 (Excluding design fee)
Site Area:139.36 ㎡
Total Floor Area:117.37 ㎡ (84.22% of max 200% of floor area ratio permission)
Design:Tato Architects, Yo Shimada
Design Team:Yo Shimada, Takeshi Oka, Takeo Watanabe
City:Kōbe
Country:Japan