莫斯曼，澳大利亚。Mosman Minka位于悉尼沿海郊区，尊重该地区保守的建筑遗产，但通过拥抱日本的感觉颠覆了其传统。保留了原有的正面，后部空间被一个超大的锌制顶棚所包围，其拱形的形式为原本高效的占地面积带来了宽敞的空间。设计的重点是创造场所、比例、材料和细节，这些都来自于家庭的集体记忆。该设计体现了家庭生活的两面性：它既是平静和安宁的（是紧张的家庭生活的重要对立面），又是同样有趣的，并有许多令人愉快的时刻。
Mosman, Australia. Situated in coastal suburban Sydney, Mosman Minka respects the area’s conservative built heritage but subverts its traditions by embracing Japanese sensibilities. Retaining the original frontage, the rear spaces are enveloped by an oversized zinc canopy, whose vaulted forms lend spaciousness to an otherwise highly efficient footprint. With a focus on place-making, proportions, materiality, and detailing drawn from the family’s collective memories. The design embraces family life’s dichotomies: it is at once calm and restful (an important counterpoint to hectic family life), whilst equally playful and punctuated by numerous moments of delight.
客户 – 一对职业夫妇、他们的两个孩子和他们的缅甸猫的家，Mosman Minka也是他们共同的工作室。
The Client – The home of a professional couple, their two young children, and their Burmese cat, Mosman Minka also houses their shared studio.
场地和简介 – 作为一个四口之家，设计需要对繁忙的家庭生活的许多需求作出有力和灵活的回应。同时也是这对夫妇的工作室（在整个施工期间将继续在现场运作），设计必须实际地平衡设计大纲和施工方法的要求，并有机会对家的问题作出敏感和高度个性化的回应。虽然原来的房子有很强的骨架和良好的比例，但现有的房子与景观没有什么关系，因此在里面居住受到限制。当务之急是，设计要将房子 “接地气”，并建立一种地方和归属感。坐落在霍克斯伯里砂岩的连续岩架上，离地表只有几厘米，原来的房子受到潮湿的影响。虽然有一个宽敞的后院，但这个后院和房子的后部都朝向正西，没有什么成熟的树木来遮挡户外空间。相反，这里有一个绝好的机会来连接地区景观，并向东边的海岸风开放。
The Site & Brief – As the home of a family of four the design required a robust and agile response to the many demands of busy family life. Also housing the couple’s studio, (which would continue to operate from the site throughout the construction period), the design had to practically balance the programmatic requirements of the brief and construction methodology, with the opportunity to craft a sensitive and highly personal response to the question of home. Whilst the original house had strong bones and good proportions, the existing house had little relationship to the landscape, and dwelling within it consequently was constrained. It was imperative that the design would ‘ground’ the house within its site and establish a sense of place and belonging. Sited on a continuous rock shelf of Hawkesbury sandstone, submerged only centimeters from the surface, the original house suffered from dampness. Whilst there was a generous backyard, this and the rear of the house faced due west, with few established trees to shield the outdoor spaces. Conversely, there was a wonderful opportunity to connect with district views and open up to easterly coastal breezes.
限制因素 – 在设计过程中，必须在预算的限制下，在设计大纲的要求、场地的方向和现有结构的邻近性之间取得平衡，同时要在现场生活和工作。该项目位于一个传统的保守地区，重要的是要尊重这一遗产，在测试和巩固实践的理论和建筑感觉的同时，也要尊重既定的质量和形式的模式。
Constraints – In approaching the design, a balance had to be struck between the programmatic requirements of the brief, the orientation of the site and proximity of existing structures, within the constraints of the budget, whilst living and working on site. Located within a traditionally conservative area, it was important to respect this heritage, an established pattern of mass and form whilst testing and consolidating the practices’ theories and architectural sensibilities.
建筑师的回应–作为街景中一系列联邦时代的房屋之一，该设计说明了保护我们的老建筑的重要性，不仅仅是通过修复，而且是通过深思熟虑和富有表现力的回应，与遗产背景相联系，而不是模仿。为了成为一个有礼貌的、谨慎的邻居，我们放弃了一个大型的明显的附加物，屋顶形式的慷慨进一步证明了它的体积和阴影影响的最小化，以及第一层在屋顶形式中的自愿隐蔽。尽可能多地保留了现有的结构，并在现有的占地面积上做了少量的扩展–有意识地将景观置于建筑之上–现有的房屋前半部分和后部的双砖外墙被保留下来，它们支撑着包含厨房、家庭、餐厅和露台区域的新平台。卧室和浴室都在其锌制天棚下。
The Architects’ Response – As one of a series of Federation-era houses within the streetscape, the design speaks of the importance of caring for our older buildings, not just through restoration but also through a considered and expressive response, which connects to its heritage context without mimicry. Eschewing a large overt addition in favor of being a polite, discreet neighbor, the generosity of the roof form is further evidenced in its minimization of bulk and overshadowing impacts, and the willing concealment of the first storey within the roof form. Retaining as much of the existing fabric as appropriate and expanding little from the existing footprint – a conscious valuing of the landscape over the building – the existing front half of the house and double brick external walls at the rear were retained, which support the new platform containing kitchen, family, dining, and deck areas. Above bedrooms and bathrooms are cradled beneath their zinc canopy.
在财务和社会责任的驱使下，我们问自己如何能在实现功能要求的同时减少建筑。考虑到最大限度地减少物理和碳足迹，设计尽可能地保留和重新使用材料，利用再生砖、当地制作的木制门窗、当地制作的结构木材和覆层以及高性能的羊毛绝缘材料。一个太阳能电池阵和由热泵加热的水为房子供电。不对称的锌制屋顶重新诠释了该地区传统的赤土坡屋顶，通过它们的对比提升了传统和现代。屋顶的特殊几何形状是由其方向和与邻居的关系产生的。在这个顶棚下，空间相互借用光线、空气和视野，但又保留了自己的空间特征和个性。玻璃和木板的开口提供了通往主要地区的视野，并将视野引向天空和花园，同时为居民和邻居创造隐私。充满阳光的儿童卧室，创造了休息和游戏的场所。作为第五个立面的天棚被一系列的天窗所点缀，这些天窗可以捕捉盛行的海岸风，实现空间的被动通风和照明，在白天追踪太阳的运动，在晚上追踪月亮和星星。
Driven by a financial and socially responsible imperative, we asked how we could achieve the functional requirements of the brief while also building less. Conscious of minimizing the physical and carbon footprint, the design retained and re-used materials where possible, utilizing reclaimed brick, locally crafted timber windows and doors locally fabricated structural timbers and cladding, and high-performing wool insulation. A solar array and water heated by a heat pump powers the house. The asymmetric zinc roof reinterprets the traditional terracotta hip roofs of the area, elevating the traditional and contemporary by their contrast. The particular geometry of the roof is generated by its orientation and relationship to neighbors. Underneath that canopy, spaces borrow light, air, and outlook from one another yet retain their own spatial characteristics and personalities. Glazed and timber-paneled openings offer prospects to key district vistas, and channel views to the sky and garden, whilst creating privacy for both inhabitants and neighbors. Children’s bedrooms filled with sunlight, create places of rest and play. The canopy as a fifth elevation is punctuated by a series of skylights that capture prevailing coastal breezes, enabling passive ventilation and lighting of spaces, tracing the movement of the sun throughout the day, and the moon, and stars at night.
参照日本住宅类型 “明家”（其特点是在大屋顶下安排多层空间）而命名，该建筑的屋顶形式是对设计要求和场地问题的主要形式和结构反应–包括强烈的西向暴露、隐私和俯瞰问题。深厚的保护性屋檐和大坡度的屋顶包含并保护了室内空间，同时将视线引向外面的景观，使室内/室外的联系不受天气的影响。这种形式还可以实现良好的被动式加热和冷却，包括夏季对玻璃的保护和冬季允许热增益。多个开口捕捉盛行的凉风，或者在没有风的时候，开口之间的压力差允许热空气通过高层天窗排出。
Named in reference to the Japanese housing typology of the ‘minka’, (which is characterized by a large roof under which multi-level spaces are arranged), the building’s roof form was the primary formal and structural response to the requirements of the brief and issues with the site – including strong westerly exposure, privacy and overlooking issues. The deep protective eaves and large raking roof contains and protects the interiors, whilst directing the view out to the landscape, allowing for continuous desired indoor/outdoor connection irrespective of weather. This form also allows for excellent passive heating and cooling, including the protection of glazing in summer and allowing for thermal gain in winter. Multiple openings capture prevailing cooling breezes, or alternatively when no breeze is available, pressure differentials between openings allow hot air to be exhausted via high-level skylights.
Architects: Downie North Architects
Year : 2021
Photographs :Clinton Weaver
Manufacturers : Louis Poulsen
Builders : BCM Aust
Structural Engineers : Cantilever Studio
Hydraulic Engineers : ACOR
City : Mosman
Country : Australia